基于食品安全指数法评估新疆地区鸡肉与鸡蛋中兽药残留的膳食暴露风险

Assessment of the dietary exposure risk of veterinary drug residues intake in chickens and eggs in Xinjiang based on the food safety index approach

中文关键词:  新疆  鸡肉与鸡蛋  兽药残留  风险评估

英文关键词:Xinjiang  chicken  egg  veterinary drug residues  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 了解新疆地区居民饮食中鸡肉与鸡蛋中兽药残留水平, 分析和评估兽药残留暴露对这一地区居民引起的健康风险。方法 使用液相色谱-串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS/MS)对2021—2023年新疆维吾尔自治区超市和农贸市场的鸡肉与鸡蛋样品进行兽药残留检测, 再结合新疆地区居民食物摄入量数据, 利用点评估法进行膳食暴露风险评估。结果 2021—2023年新疆鸡肉与鸡蛋中19种兽药残留检出率为23.3% (63/270), 超标率为6.3% (17/270), 经卡方检验, 鸡肉和鸡蛋样品中氟苯尼考检出率差异有统计学意义(P=0.002), 新疆北疆、南疆、东疆区域检出率和超标率差异均无统计学意义。新疆地区鸡肉的食品安全指数均远小于1, 鸡蛋中兽药残留食品安全指数也全部小于1, 但氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、地克珠利、氟苯尼考胺的食品安全指数远大于1。结论 新疆地区鸡肉与鸡蛋的兽药残留膳食暴露风险较小, 处在可控范围。

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand the levels of veterinary drug residues in chickens and eggs in the diet of Xinjiang residents, and analyze and assess the health risks associated with exposure to veterinary drug residues in this region. Methods Veterinary drug residues were detected in chicken and egg samples from supermarkets and farmers’ markets in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2021 to 2023 by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and then combined with the data on the food intake of the residents of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and then assessed the risk of dietary exposure by point assessment method. Results The detection rate of 19 kinds of veterinary drug residues in chicken and egg samples in Xinjiang from 2021 to 2023 was 23.3% (63/270), and the exceedance rate was 6.3% (17/270), and the difference in the detection rate of florfenicol was statistically significant by chi-square test (P=0.002), and the differences in detection and exceedance rates in the Northern, Southern and Eastern regions of Xinjiang were not statistically significant. The food safety index for chicken meat in Xinjiang were much smaller than 1, and the food safety index for veterinary drug residues in eggs were all less than 1, but the food safety index for ofloxacin, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, diclazuril and florfenicolide were much greater than 1. Conclusion The risk of dietary exposure to veterinary drug residues for chicken meats and eggs in Xinjiang is small and in the controllable range.