适配体-纳米酶联用检测真菌毒素研究进展

Research progress in the detection of mycotoxins by the marrige of aptamer-nanozyme

中文关键词:  适配体  纳米酶  生物传感器  真菌毒素  快速检测

英文关键词:aptamer  nanoenzyme  biosensor  mycotoxin  rapid detection

中文摘要:

      真菌毒素主要是由真菌产生的有毒次级代谢产物，广泛存在于大豆、玉米、高粱等谷类作物中，可通过食物链在动物或人体内不断蓄积，且微量的真菌毒素即可对人体或动物的肝脏、肾脏等器官构成严重威胁。因此，开发真菌毒素高效便捷的检测技术对食品安全防控具有重要意义。目前，基于适配体特异性识别真菌毒素和仿生纳米酶的信号转换和放大特性，所设计的适配体-纳米酶生物传感器在真菌毒素检测领域有着巨大的潜力。本文介绍了适配体的筛选过程，总结了以适配体为识别元件，纳米酶为转换器用于真菌毒素检测的不同传感策略，以及适配体-纳米酶传感器在真菌毒素检测中的应用，并对适配体-纳米酶生物传感器在真菌毒素检测领域的前景进行展望。旨在为适配体-纳米酶联用检测真菌毒素提供参考，期望对真菌毒素的快速检测的相关研究起到一定的借鉴与启示。

英文摘要:

      Mycotoxins are mainly toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi and widely exist in cereal crops such as soybeans, corn and sorghum. They can accumulate continuously in animals or humans through the food chain, and trace amounts of mycotoxins can pose a serious threat to human or animal liver, kidney and other organs. Therefore, the development of efficient and convenient detection technology of mycotoxins is of great significance for food safety prevention and control. Currently, based on the signal conversion and amplification characteristics of mycotoxins and biomimetic nanoenzyme specifically recognized by aptamers, the designed aptamer-nanoenzyme biosensors have great potential in the field of mycotoxin detection. This paper introduces the screening process of aptamers, summarizes different sensing strategies using aptamers as recognition elements and nanoenzyme as converters for mycotoxin detection, and the application of aptamer-nanoenzyme sensors in mycotoxin detection, and prospects the prospects of aptamer-nanoenzyme biosensors in the field of mycotoxin detection. The aim is to provide reference for the detection of mycotoxins by aptamer-nanoenzyme combination, and to provide some reference and inspiration for the research on the rapid detection of mycotoxins.