国内外水果重金属限量标准差异分析

Comparison analysis of fruits heavy metal limit standards at home and abroad

中文关键词:  水果  重金属  限量标准  差异分析  安全性

英文关键词:fruits  heavy metal  limit standards  comparison analysis  safety

中文摘要:

      目的 解析我国与欧盟(EU)、国际食品法典委员会(CAC)以及韩国水果中重金属限量标准的异同，为我国食品安全监管和水果重金属限量标准修订提供科学依据和理论支持。方法 研究中国与不同国家或组织水果重金属限量标准，比对重金属检测种类、涉及的水果种类和重金属最大限值。结果 除CAC未对水果中镉进行限量规定外，我国与EU、韩国均对水果中铅和镉进行了限量规定，但存在一定差异。其中，韩国并未对铅和镉限量标准中的水果种类进行规定。我国对水果中铅的限量规定与EU、CAC相似。此外，欧盟在镉限量中对水果种类与限量值的规定比我国更严格。结论 我国监管部门应对进口贸易中重金属限量标准制定宽松的水果进行重点关注，而出口的水果应符合出口国的要求。

英文摘要:

      Objective This comparative analysis was conducted to examine the heavy metal limits in fruits among China, the European Union (EU), the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), and South Korea. The aim was to provide a scientific foundation and theoretical backing for food safety oversight and the adjustment of heavy metal limits in fruits in China. Methods The study involved scrutinizing the standards for heavy metals in fruits in China and other countries or organizations, comparing the types of heavy metals identified, the varieties of fruits considered, and the maximum limits for heavy metals. Results With the exception of CAC, which has not specified the limits of cadmium in fruits, both China and the EU, as well as Korea, have set limits for lead and cadmium in fruits, albeit with some variations. Unlike China and the EU, Korea did not specify the types of fruits in their standards for lead and cadmium limits. Our regulations on lead limits in fruits align closely with those of the EU and CAC. Furthermore, the EU's regulations on fruit types and limit values for cadmium are more stringent than ours. Conclusion The study suggests that regulatory authorities should prioritize fruits with loosely defined standards for heavy metal limits in import trade, while exported fruits should adhere to the requirements of the importing countries.