动物源食品中革兰氏阴性菌耐药性研究进展

Research progress on antibiotic resistance of Gram-negative bacterium in animal derived food

中文关键词:  动物源食品  革兰氏阴性菌  耐药性  耐药基因

英文关键词:animal derived food  Gram-negative bacteria  antibiotic resistance  antibiotic-resistant genes

中文摘要:

      多重耐药(multidrug-resistant, MDR)革兰氏阴性病原菌感染面临无药可用的局面, 正日益成为全球性公共卫生危害。畜禽被认为是耐药病原菌的重要携带者, 是动物源食品中多重耐药菌传播的源头之一。MDR病原菌可以通过“养殖场-屠宰场-加工厂-市场”这一链条传播给人类, 对人类健康造成严重危害。MDR菌株的高流行率以及耐药基因在不同细菌种属之间的传播, 使得多重耐药特征在不同细菌间快速扩散。新型耐药基因接合质粒、辅助接合质粒加速了食源性细菌中耐药基因的水平转移, 进而加剧MDR病原菌对人类健康的威胁。本文通过综述常见造成动物源食品污染的革兰氏阴性菌的分子流行特征和耐药机制, 以期为预防和控制食源性耐药病原菌提供一定理论依据。

英文摘要:

      Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens are facing a situation where no drug is available, posing an increasingly global public health threat. Livestock and poultry are considered important carriers of drug-resistant pathogens and are one of the sources of transmission of multidrug-resistant bacteria in animal derived foods. MDR pathogens can be transmitted to humans through the chain of “farms-slaughterhouses-processing plants-markets”, posing a serious threat to human health. The high prevalence of MDR strains and the transmission of resistance genes between different bacterial species contribute to the rapid spread of multidrug resistance characteristics among different bacteria. The conjugative plasmids of novel resistance genes and conjugative helper plasmids accelerate the horizontal transfer of resistance genes in foodborne bacteria, further exacerbating the threat of MDR pathogens to human health. This article reviewed the molecular epidemiological characteristics and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance of common Gram-negative bacteria causing contamination in animal-derived foods, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of foodborne drug-resistant pathogens.