2 种生氰糖苷致毒机制及其检测方法研究进展

Research progress on the toxicity mechanism and detection methods of 2 kinds of cyanogenic glycosides

中文关键词:  生氰糖苷、亚麻苦苷、百脉根苷、毒理、检测技术

英文关键词:cyanogenic glycosides  linamarin  lotaustralin  toxicology  detection technology

中文摘要:

      亚麻苦苷和百脉根苷是两种生氰糖苷, 广泛存在于木薯、亚麻、高粱、杏(苦杏仁)等作物中。人和动物不当摄入含有亚麻苦苷和百脉根苷等生氰糖苷的食品及中草药之后会分解成剧毒物质氢氰酸而引起中毒反应。能够准确测定植物体中亚麻苦苷和百脉根苷的含量是预防中毒反应发生的前提。本文概述了亚麻苦苷和百脉根苷的结构、致毒机制。从直接测定法和间接测定法两个维度对亚麻苦苷和百脉根苷8种常用检验方法的应用进展进行阐述, 总结了这8种方法的适用范围、定量限、方法特点、操作要点等方面的异同。为科研工作者快速选择准确、简单、适宜的方法进行生氰糖苷的测定提供技术参考。同时也为生氰糖苷安全质量标准的制修订提供思路。

英文摘要:

      Linamarin and lotaustralin are 2 kinds of cyanogenic glycosides, widely and stably exist in cassava, flaxseed, sorghum, apricot (bitter almond). People and animals may experience toxic reactions when they intake foods and traditional Chinese medicine which contain cyanogenic glycosides in an improper way. The accurate determination of the content of linaloside and lycoside in plants is the premise to prevent the occurrence of poisoning reaction.This paper outlines the structure and toxic mechanism of linamarin and lotaustralin. This article elaborates on the application progress of 8 kinds of commonly used testing methods for linamarin and lotaustralin from two dimensions: direct and indirect determination. The similarities and differences of the application scope, limit of quantitation, method characteristics and operation points of these 8 kinds of methods were summarized. It provides a technical reference for researchers to quickly select accurate, simple and suitable methods for the determination of cyanogenic glycosides. At the same time, it also provides ideas for the revision of the safety and quality standards for cyanogenic glycosides.