蜂胶功能成分及生物活性研究进展

Research progress on functional components and bioactivities of propolis

中文关键词:  蜂胶  功能成分  生物活性

英文关键词:propolis  functional components  bioactivities

中文摘要:

      蜂胶是一种胶状天然产物, 是工蜂腺体分泌物、植物嫩芽和树干分泌物的混合物。蜂胶的主要功能成分为黄酮类化合物、酚酸类化合物和萜烯类化合物等。研究表明蜂胶中的黄酮类化合物包括槲皮素、高良姜素和山奈酚等; 酚酸类化合物包括咖啡酸、阿魏酸、p-香豆酸等; 萜烯类化合物包括单萜、二萜、三萜等。地域、植物来源、气候、季节和蜂种等因素都会影响蜂胶的化学组成。随着对蜂胶研究的深入, 蜂胶独特的生物活性日益受到人们的关注。本文总结了近年来国内外蜂胶的抗氧化、提高免疫力、抗病毒、抗菌、降血糖、降血脂、保护肝脏、抗癌及抗炎等多种生物活性的研究进展, 分析蜂胶的发展趋势和应用前景, 旨在为蜂胶在食品、药品和化妆品等领域的应用提供理论参考和科学依据。

英文摘要:

      Propolis is a gelatinous natural product, which is a mixture of worker bee gland secretions, plant shoots and trunk secretions. The main functional components of propolis are flavonoids, phenolic acids and terpenoids. Studies have shown that flavonoids in propolis include quercetin, galangin and kaempferol; phenolic acids include caffeic acid, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid; terpenoids include monoterpenes, diterpenes and triterpenes. Factors such as geography, plant origin, climate, season and bee species all affect the chemical composition of propolis. With the in-depth research on propolis, the unique biological activity of propolis has received increasing attention. This paper summarized the research progress of propolis in recent years, including antioxidant, immunity-boosting, antiviral, antibacterial, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities, and analyzed the development trend and application prospects of propolis, aiming to provide theoretical reference and scientific support for the application of propolis in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields.