水稻中镉积累状况及控制的研究进展

Research progress on cadmium accumulation condition and control in rice

中文关键词:  水稻  镉  食品安全  修复

英文关键词:rice  cadmium  food safety  restoration

中文摘要:

      镉(Cd)是一种释放到农业环境中的有毒金属, 会导致植物生长和生理发生许多变化。水稻中Cd的积累及其随后向食物链的转移是世界范围内的主要环境问题之一, 严重威胁着人类的粮食安全。剖析Cd在水稻中的积累机制, 将有助于减少Cd在水稻中的积累, 提高大米品质。本文首先回顾了我国水稻中Cd积累的原因, 包括灌溉水、施肥、土壤酸化、土壤氧化还原电位变化。接下来讨论了减少水稻Cd积累的方法, 包括水稻新品种的选育、土壤修复、田间管理、改变耕作模式等。将有助于解决Cd在水稻中的积累问题, 确保我国的食品安全, 减少Cd对国民的健康风险。

英文摘要:

      Cadmium is a toxic metal released into the agricultural environment, which can cause many changes in plant growth and physiology. The accumulation of cadmium in rice and its subsequent transfer to the food chain are major environmental problems worldwide, which seriously threatens human food security. Analyzing the accumulation mechanism of Cd in rice will help reduce the accumulation of Cd in rice and improve the quality of rice. This article first reviewed the causes of Cd accumulation in rice in China, including irrigation water, fertilization, soil acidification, and changes in soil redox potential. Next, methods to reduce the accumulation of cadmium in rice are discussed, including the breeding of new rice varieties, soil restoration, field management, and changing farming patterns. It will help solve the problem of Cd accumulation in rice, ensure food safety in China, and reduce the health risks of Cd to the people.