美国明智选择计划标签的特点、失败原因与警示

Features, failure reasons and warnings for smart choices program labeling in the United States

中文关键词:  明智选择计划  包装正面标签  营养标签  美国  失败原因

英文关键词:smart choices program  front of package labeling  nutrition labeling  the United States  failure reasons

中文摘要:

      目的 了解美国明智选择计划标签发展特点及其失败原因。方法 梳理明智选择计划标签相关文献与报道, 从政府监管视角探讨该标签被停止使用的深层原因。结果 明智选择计划标签是非营利性社会组织发起的包装正面(front of package, FOP)标签, 图形清晰直观且营养评价标准公开透明, 因对非健康食品认证而被停止使用。其中可能失败的深层原因: 美国政府对FOP标签认证资质规定过于宽松, 允许缺乏相关经验的机构开展认证工作; 缺乏有效监管, 未督促认证机构规范认证程序以及明晰标识使用权限。结论 随着我国FOP标签认证权限的可能放开, 政府部门应吸取明智选择计划标签失败教训, 严格把关非政府机构的FOP标签认证资质, 加强对认证机构的FOP标签认证流程与标签使用管理的监管, 实施常规有效的食品FOP标签抽检。

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand the development characteristics and failure reasons of smart choices program labeling in the United States. Methods The relevant literatures and reports on the smart choice program labeling were sorted out, and the deep-seated reasons for the discontinuation of the labeling were discussed from the perspective of government supervision. Results Smart choices program labeling was the front of package (FOP) labeling initiated by non-profit social organizations, which had clear and intuitive graphics and transparent nutrition evaluation standard. It was stopped using because of the certification of non healthy food. Among them, the underlying reasons for the failure were as follows: The U.S. government's regulations on FOP labeling certification qualification were too loose, allowing organizations lacking relevant experience to carry out certification work. The lack of effective supervision, not urging certification bodies to standardize the certification procedures and clarify the use authority of identification. Conclusion With the possible liberalization of the authority of FOP labeling certification in China, government departments should learn the lessons from the failure of smart choices program labeling, strictly control the FOP labeling certification qualification of non-governmental organizations, strengthen the supervision of FOP labeling certification process and labeling use management of certification organizations, and implement routine and effective sampling inspection of food FOP labeling.