中国典型水果过敏原蛋白研究进展

Research progress on the typical allergenic proteins from fruits in China

中文关键词:  水果过敏  过敏原  过敏蛋白家族  鉴定检测

英文关键词:fruit allergy  allergen  allergic protein family  identification and detection

中文摘要:

      随着我国人民生活水平不断提高, 水果消费量也在逐年增加, 水果过敏问题因此日益凸显。水果是十大食物过敏来源之一, 水果过敏与自身遗传、环境和水果种类等多种因素相关, 常和花粉、乳胶发生交叉过敏反应。水果过敏常见的症状有口腔过敏综合症和全身过敏反应。水果过敏发生的主要原因是由于水果中某些蛋白质使患者的免疫系统发生紊乱, 属于I型速发型过敏反应。本文首先阐述了水果过敏的发生机制、临床数据和症状、以及过敏原命名方式。其次以我国常见的引发过敏反应的特色水果为例, 涵盖热带水果、蔷薇科水果和亚热带水果, 总结过敏相关蛋白家族最新研究进展, 并综述了现阶段常用的水果过敏原蛋白分子鉴定及检测技术, 以期为进一步探索免疫诊断、治疗和选育低致敏性水果品种提供参考。

英文摘要:

      As the rising of people’s living standard, the consumption of fruits is also increasing and fruit allergy has become more prominent. Fruit is also one of the ten major food allergic sources in China. The occurrence of fruit allergy involves many factors, including human heredity, environment, type of fruit and its variety. Fruit allergy is often cross-reactive with pollen and latex allergy. Its common symptoms include two classes: reactions limited to the oral cavity and the systemic anaphylaxis. The main cause of fruit allergy is that certain proteins in fruit cause the patient's immune system to be disturbed, which belongs to the type-I hypersensitivity. This review firstly introduced the immunological mechanism of fruit allergy, its prevalence and symptoms, the nomenclature of allergens in China and foreign countries. Then, this review discussed the typical fruits that cause allergy, including tropical fruits, Rosaceae fruits and subtropic fruits, and summarized the latest progress of related fruit allergic protein families. Finally, it summarized the currently used molecular identification and detection techniques targeting fruit allergens, so as to provide references for further exploration of immunodiagnosis, treatment and breeding of low-allergenic fruit varieties.