镰孢菌毒素的主要类型及其收获前后的生物防控方法

Main types of Fusarium toxins and their biocontrol control methods from preharvest to postharvest

中文关键词:  镰孢菌  真菌毒素  生物防控

英文关键词:Fusarium  mycotoxins  biological control and prevention

中文摘要:

      镰孢菌毒素是镰孢菌属真菌产生的多种有毒性的次级代谢产物的总称, 在自然界中分布极为广泛, 是常见的污染粮食和饲料的真菌毒素种类, 严重威胁人畜健康。近年来镰孢菌毒素污染粮食和饲料的问题日益严重, 已成为普遍关注的食品安全和饲料安全热点问题之一。由于农产品收获后的物理、化学脱毒方法存在着脱毒不彻底、营养成分流失以及化学试剂残留对人畜健康的不确定性等问题, 以生物技术为基础的综合防控镰孢菌及其毒素危害的方法成为了近年来的研究热点之一。本文将重点介绍镰孢菌毒素的主要类型及其对动植物的危害, 阐述农产品收获前后生物防治镰孢菌及其毒素危害的方法, 并探讨各种防控方法的优缺点以及未来可能的研究方向, 以期为镰孢菌毒素综合防控策略的制定提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Fusarium toxins are a general term for various toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi of Fusarium genus and widely distributed in nature. They are common types of mycotoxins those contaminate food and feed, posing a serious threat to human and livestock health. In recent years, the contamination of food and feed by Fusarium toxins has become increasingly serious, and has become one of the hot issues of food safety and feed safety. Due to the problems of incomplete detoxification, loss of nutrients and uncertainty of chemical reagent residues on the health of people and livestock in the physical and chemical detoxification methods of agricultural products after harvest, the comprehensive prevention and control of Fusarium and its toxin harm based on biotechnology has become one of the hot spots in recent years. This paper focused on the main types of Fusarium toxins and their harm to animals and plants, elaborated the methods of biological control of Fusarium and its toxin harm from preharvest to postharvest of agricultural products, and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of various prevention and control methods and the possible research direction in the future, in order to provide reference for the formulation of comprehensive prevention and control strategy of Fusarium toxins.