生鲜乳中常检禁限用物质和药物判定标准的研究

Research on the determination standard of frequently tested substance and drugs that prohibited and restricted in raw milk

中文关键词:  生鲜乳  违法添加  限量物质  禁用药物  最大残留限量

英文关键词:raw milk  illegal to add  limit substances  banned drugs  maximum residue limit

中文摘要:

      乳制品在国民膳食结构中占据着越来越重要的位置, 其质量安全是人们高度关注的焦点。在生鲜乳中违法添加有害物质、使用违禁药物或超量、超范围使用药物等会对人体健康产生严重威胁。本文研究了2018年以来农业农村部生鲜乳质量安全监测计划, 其中生鲜乳常检项目为三聚氰胺、革皮水解物、碱类物质、硫氰酸钠和β-内酰胺酶等违法添加物质, 铅、铬、汞、砷、黄曲霉毒素M1等限量物质和各类兽药残留, 总结分析了生鲜乳中常检违法添加物质和限量物质的种类、危害、常用检测方法和检测结果判定标准。同时, 根据法律法规、技术标准、农业农村部公告等对奶牛禁用和生鲜乳中不得检出药物种类、限用药物种类、残留标志物和最大残留限量进行分析整理, 并建立名录, 以期为相关生产经营企业、行政管理部门和质量检测机构提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Dairy products occupy an increasingly important position in the national dietary structure, and its quality and safety are the focus of people's attention. The illegal addition of harmful substances to raw milk, the use of illegal drugs, or the excessive or beyond the scope of drugs will pose a serious threat to human health. This paper researched the quality and safety monitoring plan of fresh milk in the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs since 2018, among which the items for regular inspection of fresh milk were illegal added substances such as melamine, leather hydrolysate, alkali substances, sodium thiocyanate and β-lactamase and limited substances such as lead, chromium, mercury, arsenic, aflatoxin M1 and various veterinary drug residues, and summarized and analyzed the types, harms, common detection methods and determination criteria of detection results of illegal substances and limited substances in fresh milk. At the same time, according to laws and regulations, technical standards, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs announcements, etc., this article analyzed and arranged the types of drugs, restricted drugs, residual markers and maximum residue limits that could not be detected in dairy cows and raw milk, and established a directory, in order to provide reference for the relevant production and operation enterprises, administrative departments and quality testing agencies.