重庆市失独家庭中糖尿病患者膳食营养状况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of dietary nutrition status of diabetic patients in families bereft of their only child in Chongqing

中文关键词:  失独家庭  糖尿病  膳食营养  心理健康

英文关键词:families bereft of their only child  diabetes  dietary nutrition  mental health

中文摘要:

      目的 调查重庆市失独家庭中糖尿病患者膳食营养状况。方法 随机抽取重庆市失独家庭中糖尿病患者100例作为观察组, 同时选取100例正常家庭中的健康人群作为对照组, 调查2组人群膳食营养状况。 结果 重庆市失独家庭中糖尿病患者身体体重指数明显高于健康人群[(26.95±3.02) vs. (25.26±3.39) kg/m2, P<0.01]; 肥胖比例显著高于健康人群(32.00% vs. 18.00%, P<0.05)。重庆市失独家庭中糖尿病患者谷物、油脂类、禽肉类、豆类、盐摄入量较正常人群增高(P<0.05), 而乳类、蔬菜类、鱼虾类、蛋类、水果摄入量较正常人群降低(P<0.05)。通过对比糖尿病患者推荐摄入量发现重庆市失独家庭中糖尿病患者谷物、油脂类、禽肉类、豆类、盐摄入量超量, 而乳类、蔬菜类、鱼虾类、蛋类、水果摄入量不足。重庆市失独家庭中糖尿病患者热量、碳水化合物和脂肪摄入量高于正常人群, 而蛋白质摄入量低于正常人群(P<0.05)。重庆市失独家庭中糖尿病患者焦虑自我评分、抑郁自我评分高于正常人群(P<0.05)。焦虑自我评分、抑郁自我评分与热量、碳水化合物、脂肪摄入正相关, 与蛋白质摄入负相关(P<0.05)。结论 重庆市失独家庭中糖尿病患者热量摄入较多, 其中碳水化合物、脂肪、盐摄入较多, 而蛋白质摄入偏少, 与心理健康状况有关, 应加强对这类人群的饮食教育和心理健康建设。

英文摘要:

      To investigate the dietary nutrition status of diabetes mellitus patients in families bereft of their only child in Chongqing. Methods A total of 100 diabetic patients in families bereft of their only child in Chongqing were randomly selected as an observation group, and 100 healthy people in normal families were selected as a control group. The dietary and nutritional status of the two groups were studied. Results The body mass index (BMI) of the diabetes patients in families bereft of their only child in Chongqing was significantly higher than that of the healthy people [(26.95±3.02) vs. (25.26±3.39) kg/m2, P<0.01], and the proportion of obesity was significantly higher than that of the healthy people (32.00% vs. 18.00%, P<0.05). The intakes of grains, oils, poultry, beans and salt in the diabetes patients in families bereft of their only child in Chongqing were higher than those of the normal people (P<0.05), while the intakes of milk, vegetables, fish and shrimp, eggs and fruits were lower than those of the normal people (P<0.05). By comparing the recommended intake of diabetes patients, it was found that the intake of grains, oils, poultry, beans and salt was excessive, while the intake of milk, vegetables, fish and shrimp, eggs and fruits were insufficient in the diabetic patients in families bereft of their only child in Chongqing. The intakes of calories, carbohydrates and fat in diabetic patients in families bereft of their only child in Chongqing were higher than those of normal people, while the intakes of protein were lower than those of normal people (P<0.05). The self-rating anxiety score and self-rating depression score of diabetic patients in Chongqing were higher than those of normal people (P<0.05). Self-rating anxiety score, self-rating depression score were positively correlated with calorie, protein and fat intake, and negatively correlated with protein intake (P<0.05). Conclusion The intake of carbohydrate, fat and salt are excessive in the diabetic patients in families bereft of their only child in Chongqing, while the intake of protein is insufficient. It is related to the mental health status, so we should strengthen the diet education and mental health construction.