西安市猕猴桃主产区农药残留水平及累积急性膳食摄入风险评估

Pesticide residue levels and risk assessment of cumulative acute dietary intake in kiwifruit main production area in Xi’an

中文关键词:  猕猴桃  农药残留  风险评估  累积急性风险评估

英文关键词:kiwifruit  pesticide residues  risk assessment  cumulative acute risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 评估西安市猕猴桃农药残留水平及累积急性膳食摄入风险。方法 对2018~2019年西安市周至县14个猕猴桃主产乡镇共400批次样品进行农药残留定量检测分析, 用相对效能因子法进行累积急性膳食摄入风险评估。结果 对400个猕猴桃样品经检测分析, 共有280个猕猴桃样品检出了不同程度的农药残留, 检出率为70%, 农药多残留样品(检出2种以上农药残留)占样品总数50.25%, 检出超标农药氯氟氰菊酯1个, 禁用和限用农药均未检出。从检出农药毒性分析, 22种已检出的农药中包括14种低毒农药, 7种中毒农药和1种高毒农药, 根据相同毒性机制分组为有机磷类、菊酯类、有机氯类、烟碱类农药, 且累积急性膳食摄入风险评估中风险系数分别为34.64%、7.20%、3.90%和2.52%, 均处于低风险水平。结论 西安市周至县猕猴桃有机磷类、菊酯类、有机氯类、烟碱类农药累积性急性风险较小, 急性中毒情况基本不会发生。

英文摘要:

      Objective To evaluate the pesticide residue level and cumulative acute dietary intake risk of kiwifruit in Xi'an. Methods A total of 400 batches of kiwifruit samples from 14 major kiwi producing towns in Zhouzhi county, Xi’an city from 2018 to 2019 were quantitatively detected and analyzed for pesticide residues, and the risk assessment of cumulative acute dietary intake was conducted by using the relative efficacy factor method. Results According to the test and analysis of 400 kiwifruit samples, a total of 280 kiwifruit samples were detected with different levels of pesticide residues, the detection rate was 70%, multiple pesticide residues samples (detected with more than 2 kinds of pesticide residues) accounted for 50.25% of the total number of samples, and one exceeded the standard pesticide cypermethrin was detected, and none of the banned or restricted pesticides were detected. From aspects of the pesticide toxicity analysis, 22 species has in the detection of pesticides including 14 kinds of low toxic pesticide, 7 kinds of pesticide poisoning and 1 kind of high toxic pesticides. According to the same toxicity mechanism, it was grouped into organophosphorus, pyrethroid, organochlorine, and nicotine pesticides, and the risk coefficients of cumulative acute dietary intake risk assessment were 34.64%, 7.20%, 3.90%, and 2.52%, respectively, with low risk levels. Conclusion The cumulative acute risk of organophosphorus, pyrethroids, organochlorine and nicotine pesticides in kiwi fruit in Zhouzhi county, Xi'an city is small, and the acute poisoning situation will basically not occur.