木霉菌降解果渣的研究进展

Research progress on degradation of fruit residue by Trichoderma

中文关键词:  木霉菌  果渣  降解  发酵

英文关键词:Trichoderma  fruit residue  degradation  fermentation

中文摘要:

      木霉菌隶属丝孢科, 广泛存在于不同环境的土壤中, 具有抗性强、安全性高、酶系广等特点, 利用木霉降解果渣优势在于木霉菌产纤维素酶、半纤维素酶的同时还可以产漆酶、果胶酶等; 果渣的主要成分除纤维素外还有果胶等成分, 木霉菌作为果渣降解菌优势巨大; 由于我国是水果大国, 果渣成为污染环境的重要因素之一, 近年对于木霉菌降解果渣的研究逐渐深入, 引起广大学者的重视。本文主要综述了木霉菌降解果渣的应用现状, 论述了不同木霉菌利用果渣产酶、堆肥及其作用机理、不同木霉菌的酶学机理、产酶情况以及作用机制, 总结了降解果渣的木霉菌种类及其在产酶、做饲料、产膳食纤维等方面的应用, 以期为今后木霉菌降解果渣的工业应用提供依据。

英文摘要:

      Trichoderma belongs to the Hyphomycete family, and widely exists in the soil of different environments, and has the characteristics of strong resistance, high safety and wide enzyme system. The advantage of using Trichoderma to degrade fruit residue is that Trichoderma can produce cellulase, hemicellulase, laccase, pectinase and so on. The main components of fruit residue are cellulose and pectin, and Trichoderma has a huge advantage as a fruit residue degrading bacteria. As China is a big country of fruit, fruit residue has become one of the important factors of environmental pollution. In recent years, the researches on the degradation of fruit residue by Trichoderma have gradually deepened, which has attracted the attention of many scholars. This paper mainly reviewed research progress on degradation of fruit residue by Trichoderma, and discussed the enzyme production, composting and mechanism of different pectin utilization, the enzymatic mechanism of different enzyme production and mechanism of Trichoderma action, summarized the species of Trichoderma degrading pomace and its application in enzyme production, feed and dietary fiber production, in order to provide a basis for industrial application of wood mold degradation pomace in the future.