食品中硒元素形态分析的研究进展

Research advance on the speciation of selenium in foods

中文关键词:  食品  硒形态  提取技术  分离技术  高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术

英文关键词:food  selenium speciation  extraction methods  separation technology  high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

中文摘要:

      硒是人体必需的微量元素, 具有丰富的化学形态, 分为无机硒和有机硒, 不同硒形态对人体的生物活性不同。无机硒主要包括硒酸Se(Ⅵ)、亚硒酸Se(Ⅳ), 有机硒主要包括硒蛋白、硒核酸和硒多糖等大分子硒, 及硒代胱氨酸(selenocystine, SeCys2)、硒代蛋氨酸(selenomethinonine, SeMet)、甲基硒代半胱氨酸(methyl selenocysteine, MeSeCys)、硒代乙硫氨酸(selenoethionine, SeEt)等小分子硒化物。无机硒不易吸收, 可能对人体造成危害, 有机硒易吸收, 适当摄取对人体有多方面益处。准确测定食品中不同硒形态及具体含量, 对人体按需摄入硒元素具有重要指导意义。本文总结了近年来食品行业中硒形态检测研究涉及的领域, 包括果蔬、水产、药食同源的中药、茶叶、谷物等方面的研究, 常用的提取、分离、分析技术, 重点介绍了高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术和液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱联用技术在不同食品中检测硒形态的应用情况, 并展望了未来硒形态分析的前景。

英文摘要:

      Selenium is a necessary trace element in human body, which is rich in chemical forms and divided into inorganic selenium and organic selenium, and different selenium forms have different biological activities to human body. Inorganic selenium mainly includes selenate Se (VI) and selenite Se (IV), while organic selenium mainly includes selenoprotein, selenium nucleic acid and selenium polysaccharide, as well as small molecular selenides such as selenocystine (selenocystine, SeCys2), selenomethionine (selenomethinonine, SeMet), methyl selenocystine (methyl selenocysteine, MeSeCys), selenoethionine (selenoethionine, SeEt) and so on. Inorganic selenium is not easily absorbed, which maybe harmful to human body, while organic selenium is easily absorbed, and proper intake is beneficial to human body. The accurate determination of different selenium forms and specific content in food has important guiding significance for human intake of selenium on demand. This paper summarized the research fields of selenium speciation detection in food industry in recent years, including fruits and vegetables, aquatic products, medicine and food homologous traditional Chinese medicine, tea, grain, and so on, and the commonly-used techniques of extraction, separation and analysis recently, significantly introduced the application of high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) and liquid chromatography-hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (LC-HG-AFS) in the detection of selenium speciation in different foods, and previewed the prospect of selenium speciation analysis in the future.