河南地区香菇中重金属镉含量检测及风险分析

Detection and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Cadmium in Lentinula edodes from Henan Province

中文关键词:  香菇  重金属  镉  风险分析

英文关键词:Lentinula edodes  heavy metals  Cadmium  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 分析河南地区香菇子实体及其栽培基质中的重金属镉含量，初步确定香菇中重金属镉的风险等级，并估算在自然生长状态下香菇中镉的富集系数。方法 通过随机及定点方式采集样品，采用原子吸收光谱法进行重金属镉的测定，根据国家食品安全风险评估中心(CFSA)的风险矩阵方法进行镉风险等级分析。结果 香菇子实体及栽培基质中镉的含量范围分别为：鲜品：N.D.~0.83 mg/kg，干品：0.11~1.9 mg/kg，栽培基质：N.D.~0.29 mg/kg。香菇中重金属镉的风险等级为中风险。自然生长状态下，香菇子实体中镉的平均含量约为拌料中的4.6倍。结论 香菇中的镉来自于栽培基质，自然生长状态下富集系数约为4.6，栽培者可以从源头上控制栽培料中的重金属限量来控制子实体中的镉含量。风险矩阵方法对香菇中重金属镉风险等级的评价结果为中风险，为质量安全管理和科学消费提供了参考。

英文摘要:

      Objective To determine preliminarily the risk level of heavy metal cadmium（Cd） in Lentinula edodes, estimate the enrichment coefficient of Cd in the Lentinula edodes under natural growth conditions, the content of Cd in the fruit body and cultivated substrate of Lentinula edodes from Henan Province were analyzed in this paper. Methods All samples were collected by random or constant sampling mode.The heavy metal Cd was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. The risk analysis and leval confirmed according to the risk matrix method of China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment (CFSA). Results The results showed that the contents of Cd in fruit body and cultivated substrate of Lentinula edodes were: fresh product: N.D.~0.83 mg/kg, dried product: 0.11~1.9 mg/kg, cultivated substrate: N.D.~0.29 mg/kg. The risk level of heavy metal cadmium（Cd） in Lentinula edodes is medium risk. Under natural growth conditions, the average content of Cd in fruit body is about 4.6 times of the Cd content in mixing material consist of cultivated substrate. Conclusion It suggested that the Cd in the fruit body was mainly derived from the cultivated substrate. The enrichment coefficient of Cd in the Lentinula edodes was 4.6 under natural growth conditions. The final Cd content of Lentinula edodes could be adjusted by controlling the heavy metal limit of its cultivated substrate. The evaluattion of risk level of Cd in Lentinula edodes using the risk matrix method of CFSA was medium risk, which will provide some reference to the quality and safety management and scientific consumption.