水环境中贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫检测方法的研究进展

Research progress of detection methods of Giardialamblia and Cryptosporidium in the water environment

中文关键词:  贾第鞭毛虫  隐孢子虫  水环境

英文关键词:Giardia lamblia  Cryptosporidium  water environment

中文摘要:

      水环境中的病原微生物是一个重要的公共卫生问题。贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫是世界上最主要的2种能导致人体腹泻的寄生虫, 具有潜伏期长、个体小、致病性强且容易暴发流行的特点, 对公共卫生安全造成严重威胁。预防其暴发的关键就是通过优化水处理的工艺来确保饮用水的安全, 但由于供水系统极易遭受各种形式的二次污染, 依然存在着不能完全去除的风险。自新的生活饮用水卫生标准实施以来, 我国对水源水和饮用水的相关调查和监测逐渐增多, 贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫时常被检出。本文就近年来对水环境中贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫的检测技术进展情况进行综述, 并针对现行的国标检测方法提出影响因素分析及质量控制方法。随着免疫学和现代分子生物学的不断发展, 新的检测技术不断涌现, 并具有良好的应用前景。

英文摘要:

      The pathogenic microorganism in water environment is a major public health problem. Giardialamblia and Cryptosporidiumare are the most popular parasites in the world which can cause human diarrhea, with the characteristics of long incubation period, small individual, powerful pathogenicity and easy to outbreak, and give rise to a serious threat to public health security. The key to prevent the outbreak is to ensure the safety of drinking water by optimizing the process of water treatment, but there is still a risk that can not be completely removed because water supply system is very easy to suffer from all kinds of secondary pollution. Since new drinking water sanitary standard has practiced, the investigation and monitoring of water source water and drinking water gradually increased in our country, Giardialamblia and Cryptosporidium are still often detected. The article reviewed the detection technology progress of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in the water environment in recent years, and put forward to some influencing factors and quality control methods for the current detection methods of GB. With the continuous development of immunology and modern molecular biology, new detection technologies are proposed, and have good prospects.