食源性金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素及其检测方法

Research advances on foodborne staphylococcal enterotoxins and its detection methods

中文关键词:  金黄色葡萄球菌  肠毒素  食物中毒  可移动基因元件

英文关键词:Staphylococcus aureus  enterotoxins  food poisoning  mobile genetic elements

中文摘要:

      金黄色葡萄球菌是一种重要的食源性致病菌, 在自然界中广泛分布, 其引起的食物中毒是世界性的公共卫生问题。金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素是引起金黄色葡萄球菌食物中毒的主要致病因子。目前共发现22 种金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素或类肠毒素(SEA-SEE、SEG-SET、SElU、SElU2 和SElV), 其中具有催吐活性的被定义为肠毒素, 没有催吐活性或者尚待验证的被定义为类肠毒素(SEl)。传统肠毒素SEA~SEE 被报道是引起金黄色葡萄球菌食物中毒的主要肠毒素类型, 但是大多数新型肠毒素或类肠毒素与食物中毒的关系还没有被真正认识。本文对近几年关于金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素与食物中毒的关系、肠毒素的表达调控以及肠毒素检测方法的研究进展进行了总结, 以期更好地了解金黄色葡萄球菌新型肠毒素致病性, 为今后金黄色葡萄球菌食物中毒的预防和控制提供依据。

英文摘要:

      Staphylococcus aureus is widespread in nature and an important foodborne pathogen that can cause worldwide staphylococcal food poisoning. Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) are a major cause of staphylococcal food poisoning. Up to date, a total of 22 SEs or enterotoxin-like proteins (SEls) have been described (SEA-SEE, SEG-SET, SelU, SElU2 and SelV). Enterotoxin-like proteins are not emetic in a primate model or have yet to be tested. SEA~SEE are the common cause of staphylococcal food poisoning worldwide, but the relationships between new enterotoxin types or enterotoxin-like proteins and food poisoning have not been clearly demonstrated. This review focused on recent advances related to SEs and their pathogenesis, the expression of enterotoxins encoding genes, and the detection methods of enterotoxins. The aim was to have better knowledge about pathogenesis of SEs, so as to prevent and control of staphylococcal food poisoning.