I型超敏反应中肥大细胞脱颗粒活性物质及其 信号通路研究进展

Progresses on mediators and signaling pathway of mast cell degranulation in response to type I hypersensitivity

中文关键词:  I型超敏反应  FcεRI  肥大细胞  脱颗粒  信号通路

英文关键词:type-I hypersensitivity  FcεRI  mast cell  degranulation  signaling pathway

中文摘要:

      IgE介导的I型超敏反应是最受关注的变态反应类型, 肥大细胞是其中主要应答细胞。IgE致敏的肥大细胞被激活后, 通过释放和分泌介质发挥生物学作用, 参与炎症反应。释放的介质主要有组胺、肝素、类蛋白酶、花生四稀酸的代谢产物、细胞因子等。肥大细胞脱颗粒的信号通路是个复杂的网络体系, 涉及到多种蛋白分子的参与, 不同信号的逐级放大和众多细胞因子的合成、分泌。近年来食物过敏反应信号通路的主要分子机制已深入研究, 各信号通路之间的网络调控研究进展有待综述。本文重点介绍了I型超敏反应中肥大细胞脱颗粒依赖的酪氨酸激酶Lyn和Fyn 介导的信号通路, 为人们更好地理解食物过敏机制提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Type-I hypersensitivity is the most concerned allergic reaction, which is mediated by IgE, and the main responsive cells are mast cells. Degranulation of sensitized mast cells releases a number of biologically active media to play a biological role and involve in the inflammatory response. The main media involve histamine, heparin, protease, metabolites of arachidonic acid and cytokines. Signaling pathway of mast cell degranulation is a complex system, involving the participation of a variety of proteins, the progressively magnify of different signals and a cascade of signaling events secretion. Currently, the major molecular mechanisms of signaling pathway have been studied in-depth and the signal regulation system of each mast cell should be further summarized. In this paper, the signaling pathway of mast cell degranulation mediated by tyrosine kinases Lyn and Fyn were highlighted, leading to better understanding the mechanisms of food allergy.