黄曲霉群体感应研究进展

Research progress on quorum sensing of Aspergilus flavus

中文关键词:  黄曲霉  群体感应  氧脂素  信号通路  研究进展

英文关键词:Aspergilus flavus  quorum sensing  oxylipins  signaling pathway  research progress

中文摘要:

      曲霉属真菌(Aspergillus)如黄曲霉、寄生曲霉侵染玉米、花生等富含油脂的作物种子后产生的黄曲霉毒素(aflatoxin)具有强致癌作用, 严重威胁食品安全和人类健康。群体感应(quorum sensing, QS)曾经认为只存在于细菌中, 但是在真菌中也存在QS系统, 菌体的形态建成和次级代谢产物的产生都与细胞的群体密度有关。黄曲霉拥有类似群体感应的机制, 菌核到分生孢子的转换受细胞密度和脂肪氧合酶调控。氧脂素作为信号分子通过密度依赖机制可抑制或促进黄曲霉的生长及黄曲霉毒素的生物合成, 本文综述了黄曲霉群体感应及信号通路的研究进展, 旨在从群体感应的角度抑制黄曲霉毒素的产生, 为微生物与食品安全的研究提供指导。

英文摘要:

      Aspergillus spp such as A. flavus and A. parasiticus can infect oil-rich crop seeds and subsequently lead to aflatoxin contamination, which has an important impact on economic loss and health risk. Although once thought to exist only in bacteria, QS systems are now well established in fungi. Recently it has been shown that A. flavus possesses a quorum-sensing-like mechanism, where a sclerotia-to-conidia transition is governed by cell density and lipoxygenase activity. Oxylipins can inhibit or stimulate fungal development and aflatoxin production via a density-dependent mechanism as a kind of signal .This paper reviewed the research progress on quorum sensing and signaling pathways of A. flavus and was aimed to inhibit the generation of aflatoxin from the perspective of quorum sensing, providing a guidance for the research of microorganism and food safety.