蕨麻的化学成分及药理活性研究进展

Recent advances in chemical constituents and pharmacological actions from the root of Potentilla anserine L.

中文关键词:  蕨麻  化学成分  药理作用

英文关键词:the root of Potentilla anserine  chemical constituents  pharmacological actions

中文摘要:

      蕨麻是蔷薇科委陵菜属植物鹅绒委陵菜( Potentilla anserine L.) 的根，主要分布于北半球的温带、寒带和高寒地区，在我国主要分布于青海、西藏等地。蕨麻主要含有甾类、三萜类、黄酮类、酚酸类和香豆素类化合物等多种化学成分。中医学研究表明，蕨麻具有健胃补脾、生津解渴、益气补血等功能。生物活性研究结果显示，蕨麻提取物具有耐缺氧、抗疲劳、抗应激、保肝、抗病毒、提高机体免疫力、抗氧化、补血和保护心肌细胞等活性。本文主要从蕨麻的化学成分和药理活性方面综述其研究进展，提出应在现代医药理论指导下，科学开发利用传统药用植物的观点，同时对蕨麻中有效化学成分、活性成分、药理作用及其代谢机制进行系统而深入的探索，并按照合理的本草疗法进行规范化的临床实验，为进一步开发利用该植物做好基础研究。

英文摘要:

      The genus Potentilla is a member of the family Rosaceae. The root of Potentilla anserine is a important medicinal plant in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and known as ‘jue ma’ in TCMs, which is mainly distributed in temperate, arctic zones of the Northern hemisphere. In China, it is mainly distributed in Qinghai and Tibet provinces. This genus has been known since ancient times for its curative properties, including steroid, triterpene, flavonoids, phenolic acids and coumarin compounds. It is suggested in traditional Chinese medicine that functions and indictions are various, such as supplementing the spleen and fortifying the stomach, promoting the production of body fluid and relieving thirst, invigorating the vital energy and nourishing the blood. Bioactivity investigations suggest the root of P. anserine has diverse biological activities: antioxidant, anti-fatigue, enhancing immunity, cardiomyocyte protection, and hepatoprotective effects. The present review provides information on the recent development in chemical constituents and biological potentials of the root of P. anserine. Future efforts should concentrate more on in vitro and in vivo studies and also on clinical trials in the light of a rational phytotherapy, and basic research should be used for the further exploitation and utilization of this plant.