市售动物源性食品中氯霉素类药物残留量的调查研究

Survey of chloramphenicol residues in animal-origin foods in the retailer

中文关键词:  动物源性食品  氯霉素  甲砜霉素  氟甲砜霉素  残留量调查

英文关键词:animal-original foods  chloramphenicol  thiamphenicol  florfenicol  residues survey

中文摘要:

      目的 了解市售动物源性食品中氯霉素类药物的残留水平。方法 取鱼、虾、猪肉可食部分, 用干冰冷冻粉碎、均质后冷冻存放。预处理样品经溶剂提取, 正己烷脱脂后, 用液相色谱/质谱联用法(LC-MC/MS)检测, 采用内标法定量。结果 全部样品中氯霉素的检出率最高(按检出限0.03μg/kg判定), 达31 %(71/229),氟甲砜霉素和甲砜霉素的检出率分别为9.60%(22/229)和1.31%(3/229)。不同类样品氯霉素的检出率差异较大, 明虾中均未检出, 花粉的检出率最高(100%, 3/3), 其他检出率由高到低分别为养殖鱼(82.1%, 23/28)、牛奶(75.0 %, 24/32)、猪肉(46.7%, 7/15)、国产蜂蜜(16.0%, 12/75)和进口蜂蜜(5.6%, 2/36)。氟甲砜霉素仅在鲜猪肉、牛奶和养殖鱼中检出, 而甲砜霉素仅在国产蜂蜜和鲜猪肉中检出, 含量均较低。结论 市售动物性食品中氯霉素违规使用的问题依然存在, 提醒各有关部门应加强食品中违禁药物残留的风险监测和药物使用的清理整顿工作。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the chloramphenicols residues of animal-original foods. Methods The edible portion of fish, shrimp and pork were ground with solidified carbon dioxide, homogenized and then stored in the frozen. The homogenized samples were extracted with ethyl acetate or acetonitrile, degreased with hexane, detected by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and quantified by internal standard method. Results The results obtained from the 229 samples showed that the positive rates of chloramphenicol florfenicol and thiamphenicol were 31.0% (71/229) (according to detection limit 0.03 μg/kg), 9.60% (22/229) and 1.31% (3/229), respectively. The detection rates of chloramphenicol were obviously different among the samples. The relative higher detection rate was found in pollen(100%, 3/3), followed by aquaculture fish (82.1%, 23/28), milk (75.0%, 24/32), pork (46.7%, 7/15), domestic honey (16.0%, 12/75) and imported honey (2/36, 5.6%) except none of chloamphenicols detected in shrimps. Thiamphenicol were detected in pork, milk, fish but florfenicol were only detected in honey and pork, and their residual levels were below the tolerance. Conclusion The problem of chloramphenicol illegally used in the aquaculture and animal breeding still existed and the risk monitoring and legal action should be further strengthened.