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| 基于食品安全指数法评估北京市售淡水鱼虾喹诺酮类抗生素残留风险 |
| Risk assessment of quinolone antibiotics in freshwater fish and shrimp sold in Beijing based on the index of food safety |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-07 修订日期：2025-06-23 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 喹诺酮类抗生素 淡水水产品 食品安全指数法 风险评估 |
| 英文关键词:quinolones antibiotics freshwater aquatic products index of food safety risk assessment |
| 基金项目:北京市食品风险监测项目(BJSP2021101345) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要: 目的 了解北京市售淡水鱼虾中6种喹诺酮类抗生素的残留情况及暴露水平。方法 随机抽检2023—2024年北京市9个区县40个商超农贸市场的90件淡水鱼虾产品, 采用液相色谱‐串联质谱法对鱼虾肉中的6种喹诺酮抗生素含量进行测定。通过食品安全指数(index of food safety, IFS)评估鱼虾中喹诺酮类抗生素残留量对10个性别/年龄组居民的暴露风险。结果 90件鱼虾样品中有4种喹诺酮类抗生素检出, 培氟沙星的检出率为1.11% (1/90), 氧氟沙星的检出率为1.11% (1/90), 恩诺沙星的检出率为26.67% (24/90), 环丙沙星的检出率为6.67% (6/90), 且培氟沙星、氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星有超标样本检出, 超标率分别为1.11% (1/90)、1.11% (1/90)、5.56% (5/90), 诺氟沙星和洛美沙星在所有样品中均未检出。在常规暴露情景和最坏暴露情景下, 喹诺酮类抗生素食品安全指数范围分别处于0.040~0.067和0.170~0.283之间, 远小于1。结论 本次研究中北京市售淡水鱼虾中喹诺酮类抗生素检出以恩诺沙星、环丙沙星为主, 6种喹诺酮类抗生素对人体的健康风险处于安全水平, 为水产品质量评估及食品安全标准修订提供区域性数据支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT: Objective To understand the residue status and exposure levels of 6 kinds of quinolone antibiotics in common freshwater fish and shrimp sold in Beijing. Methods The 90 freshwater fish and shrimp products from 40 supermarkets and farmers' markets in 9 districts and counties of Beijing were randomly sampled for the determination of six quinolone antibiotics in fish and shrimp meat by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The exposure risk of quinolone antibiotic residues in fish and shrimp to residents of 10 gender/age groups was assessed by the index of food safety (IFS). Results The 4 kinds of quinolone antibiotics were detected in 90 fish and shrimp samples. The detection rate for pefloxacin, ofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin were 1.11% (1/90), 1.11% (1/90), 26.67% (24/90), and 6.67% (6/90). There were excessive samples of pefloxacin, ofloxacin, and enrofloxacin detected, with an exceedance rate of 1.11% (1/90), 1.11% (1/90) and 5.56% (5/90) respectively. Norfloxacin and lomefloxacin were not detected in all samples. The IFS of quinolone antibiotics ranged from 0.040-0.067 in the general-case scenario and from 0.170–0.283 in the worst-case scenario, which was much less than 1. Conclusion The detection of quinolone in freshwater fish and shrimp sold in Beijing was dominated by enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, and the health risk of six quinolone antibiotics to human beings was at a safe level in this study, which provided regional data support for the assessment of the quality of aquatic products and the revision of food safety standards. |
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