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| 镰刀菌病原体与粮食安全：最新研究综述 |
| Fusarium pathogens and food security: a review of the latest research |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-18 修订日期：2025-06-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 镰刀菌 真菌 病原体 鉴定 疾病管理 粮食安全 |
| 英文关键词:Fusarium Fungi Pathogens Appraise Disease management Food security |
| 基金项目:河南省农业科学院自主创新项目“基于基因编辑技术的NtbZIP53基因uORF的挖掘及验证”(2024ZCO44) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 镰刀菌是一种普遍存在的病原菌,主要与植物病害有关。由于真菌毒素污染谷物造成作物损失,它们是农业中备受关注的主题。镰刀菌也被认为是人类和动物真菌感染的病原体,在免疫功能低下的患者中具有广泛的临床表现。镰刀菌植物病原体可感染多种植物,引起生长发育迟缓、果实或种子腐烂、叶子发黄、枯萎、溃烂、根或茎腐烂等症状。这些真菌的鉴定具有很大的难度,因为它们具有多形性倾向,并且在同一物种中同时存在同型和异型菌株,由于分离株之间的差异,在物种水平上鉴定它们也是相当困难的。然而,到目前为止,分子工具在物种鉴定和系统发育方面一直非常强大,因为镰刀菌属的巨大多样性迫使科学家不断修改以前的分类群。大多数情况下,镰刀菌病很难控制,因为真菌很容易克服寄主对各种控制方法的抗性。本文综述了镰刀菌的最新研究进展、其不良影响及其对粮食安全的影响。进一步阐明了识别它们的各种方法,以鼓励对这种不可避免的食品污染物进行综合管理的研究,以实现可持续的全球粮食安全。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Fusarium is a common pathogen, mainly related to plant diseases. Mycotoxins are a subject of great concern in agriculture due to crop losses caused by contaminating grains. Fusarium is also recognized as a pathogen of fungal infections in humans and animals and has a wide range of clinical manifestations in immunocompromised patients. Fusarium plant pathogens can infect a variety of plants, causing symptoms such as growth retardation, fruit or seed rot, yellow leaves, wilt, ulceration, and root or stem rot. These fungi are difficult to identify because of their polymorphic tendencies and the presence of both homotypic and heterotypic strains in the same species, and because of the differences between isolates, it is also quite difficult to identify them at the species level. Until now, however, molecular tools have been very powerful in species identification and phylogeny, as the vast diversity of Fusarium genera has forced scientists to constantly revise previous taxa. Most often, fusarium disease is difficult to control because the fungus easily overcomes the host"s resistance to various control methods. This paper reviews the latest research progress of Fusarium, its adverse effects and its impact on food security. Various methods for identifying them are further elucidated to encourage research on the integrated management of this unavoidable food contaminant to achieve sustainable global food security. |
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