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| 2024年北京市部分市售生食果蔬中潜在致病菌及耐药基因的特征研究 |
| Study on the characterization of potential pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes from some commercially raw fruits and vegetables in Beijing, 2024 |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-08 修订日期：2025-06-25 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 生食果蔬 致病菌 耐药基因 可移动遗传元件 细菌群落 |
| 英文关键词:raw vegetables and fruits pathogens antibiotic resistance genes mobile genetic elements bacterial community |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 调研北京市部分市售生食果蔬中潜在致病菌及抗生素耐药基因(antibiotic resistance genes, ARGs)的分布特征,探究其在食品安全领域的潜在风险。方法 将高通量定量聚合酶链式反应(high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction, HT-qPCR)技术、16S rRNA扩增子测序与生物信息学、多元统计学分析技术相结合,探究果蔬中ARGs、可移动遗传元件(mobile genetic elements, MGEs)以及潜在致病菌的存在特征及潜在风险。结果 共检出9大类182个ARGs和9个MGEs,丰度范围分别为6.08×103~1.57×108 copies/g、3.77×104~3.50×108 copies/g；水果中ARGs、MGEs以及菌群多样性和丰度均显著低于蔬菜(p<0.05)；不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、明串球菌属(Leuconostoc)、克雷伯杆菌属(Klebsiella)、黄单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)和黏质沙雷氏菌属(Serratia)为主要的潜在致病菌；肠杆菌目(Enterobacterales)和约氏不动杆菌(Acinetobacter johnsonii)分别为茄果类蔬菜和叶菜类蔬菜中标志性潜在致病菌；多元统计分析显示,果蔬中的多数潜在致病菌同时携带MGEs和多种类ARGs,很可能具有多重耐药性状,且耐药性状传播的主要驱动因素为MGEs携带ARGs发生的水平基因转移(57.56%)。结论 本研究揭示了部分市售生食果蔬中ARGs赋存情况严重,其中多数潜在致病菌很可能具有多重耐药性状,MGEs携带多种ARGs发生的水平基因转移事件促进了耐药现象的在细菌群落间的广泛传播,并通过食物链危害人类健康,应引起高度重视。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the characterization of potential pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from some commercially raw fruits and vegetables in Beijing, and explore their potential food safety risks. Methods In this study, the characterization and potential risks of ARGs、mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and potential pathogens were described by the combining high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (HT-qPCR), 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing with bio-informatics and multivariate analysis. Results A total of 182 ARG subtypes belonging to 9 antibiotic types and 9 MGE subtypes were detected with the abundance of 6.08×103~1.57×108 copies/g and 3.77×104~3.50×108 copies/g, respectively. It was seen that the diversity and abundance of ARGs, MGEs and bacterial community in fruits were significantly lower than those in vegetables (p<0.05). Acinetobacter, Leuconostoc, Klebsiella, Stenotrophomonas and Serratia were the main potential pathogens, with Enterobacterales and Acinetobacter johnsonii as signature potential pathogens in solanaceous and leafy vegetables, respectively. MGEs and multiple ARGs were carried by the most of potential pathogens with multiple antibiotic resistance, whose transmission among them were mainly drove by the horizontal gene transfer of MGEs carrying ARGs (57.56%). Conclusion There were various and abundant ARGs and potential pathogens in raw vegetables and fruits, with multiple antibiotic resistance, whose transmission among bacterium were mainly drove by the horizontal gene transfer of MGEs carrying ARGs, which could threaten human health. So high attention should be attached. |
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