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| 基于2024年重庆市渝北区市售淡水鱼渔用麻醉剂残留的膳食暴露风险评估 |
| Dietary Exposure Risk Assessment of Fishery Anesthetic Residues in Commercially Available Freshwater Fish in Yubei District, Chongqing in 2024 |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-09 修订日期：2025-06-16 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 淡水鱼 麻醉剂 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法 残留状况 风险评估 |
| 英文关键词:freshwater fish anesthetic ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry residual status risk assessment |
| 基金项目:重庆市渝北区科卫联合医学科研项目(2023YBKW14) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解2024年重庆市渝北区内淡水鱼中10种麻醉剂的残留状况，并进行膳食暴露风险评估。方法 随机采集2024年渝北区市售淡水鱼60件，采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪检测10种麻醉剂残留，结合居民膳食摄入量，采用食品安全指数法评估市售淡水鱼中麻醉剂残留的膳食暴露风险。结果 丁香酚检出率为51.7%，浓度范围为3.48~583 μg/kg；甲基丁香酚检出率为90.0%，浓度范围为10.5~43.8 μg/kg；异丁香酚检出率为48.3%，浓度范围为3.42~619 μg/kg；甲基异丁香酚检出率为78.3%，浓度范围为6.47~30.4 μg/kg。其余6种麻醉剂均未检出，淡水鱼中不同麻醉剂的检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。淡水鱼中丁香酚、甲基丁香酚、异丁香酚和甲基异丁香酚的最大食品安全指数分别为0.820×10-4、0.308×10-5、0.434×10-4和0.214×10-5。结论 2024年重庆市渝北区市售淡水鱼中渔用麻醉剂残留总体处于安全水平，但丁香酚类麻醉剂残留现象比较普遍，须引起相关部门的重视，规范水产品中渔用麻醉剂的使用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the residue status of 10 anesthetics in freshwater fish in Yubei District of Chongqing in 2024, and to assess the dietary exposure risk. Methods The 60 samples of commercially available in Yubei District in 2024 were randomly collected, and 10 kinds of anesthetic residues were detected by the ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Combined with the dietary intake of residents, the dietary exposure risk of anesthetic residues in freshwater fish was evaluated by food safety index method. Results The detection rate of eugenol was 51.7%, and the concentration range was 3.48-583 μg/kg. The detection rate of methyl eugenol was 90.0%, and the concentration range was 10.5-43.8 μg/kg. The detection rate of isoeugenol was 48.3%, and the concentration range was 3.42-619 μg/kg. The detection rate of methyl isoeugenol was 78.3%, and the concentration range was 6.47-30.4 μg/kg. The other six anesthetics were not detected. The detection rates of different anesthetics in freshwater fish were significantly different (P<0.01). The maximum index of food safety of eugenol, methyl eugenol, isoeugenol and methyl isoeugenol in freshwater fish were 0.820×10-4, 0.308×10-5, 0.434×10-4 and 0.214×10-5, respectively. Conclusion In 2024, the residue of fishery anesthetics in freshwater fish sold in Yubei District of Chongqing is generally at a safe level, but the residue of eugenol anesthetics is common, which should be paid attention to by relevant departments to regulate the use of fishery anesthetics in aquatic products. |
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