水产制品中N-亚硝胺类物质的检测与控制研究进展

Research progress on detection and control of N-nitrosamines in aquatic products

中文关键词:  水产制品  N-亚硝胺类化合物  影响因素  检测方法  控制措施

英文关键词:aquatic products  N-nitrosamines  influencing factors  control measures

中文摘要:

      N-亚硝胺类化合物(N-nitrosamines, NAs)是一类强致癌性污染物, 广泛存在于水产制品中并对人体健康构成严重威胁。近年我国市场监管抽检显示, 水产加工品中N-二甲基亚硝胺(N-nitrosodimethylamine, NDMA)超标问题突出, 已成为产品不合格的主要因素之一, 严重影响了水产品加工行业的健康发展。因此, 明确水产制品中NAs的形成机制和受影响因素, 通过加工工艺和多种技术控制其含量是目前大家关注的重点。本文综述了水产制品中NAs的多种形成因素, 及满足食品安全国家标准限量要求的多种前处理方法和测定方法。并从减少NAs前体物质摄入、阻断NAs的生成、分解已生成的NAs等方面总结各种控制方式, 以期解决水产制品中NAs超标问题, 保障水产制品质量安全和行业良好发展。

英文摘要:

      N-nitrosamines (NAs) are a class of strongly carcinogenic compounds with high contamination levels in aquatic products, posing significant risks to human health. Recent random inspections in China have revealed that excessive N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) content has become a major factor disqualifying processed aquatic products, seriously hindering the healthy development of the aquatic product processing industry. Therefore, elucidating the formation mechanisms and influencing factors of NAs in aquatic products, along with controlling their levels through processing technologies and multidisciplinary approaches, has become a key research focus. This review systematically examined various formation pathways of NAs in aquatic products, pretreatment methods, and analytical techniques compliant with national food safety standards. It further summarized comprehensive strategies for NAs control, including reduction of NAs precursor intake, blocking of NAs formation pathways, and decomposition of existing NAs. The paper aimed to address the excessive NAs levels in aquatic products, thereby ensuring the quality and safety of aquatic products and promoting sustainable development of the industry.