淡水鱼中渔用麻醉剂与喹诺酮类抗生素残留含量测定及膳食暴露风险评估

Determination of fish sedatives and quinolones Residues in Freshwater Fish and Assessment of the Dietary Exposure

中文关键词:  渔用麻醉剂、喹诺酮类抗生素、残留含量、膳食暴露风险评估

英文关键词:fish sedatives  quinolones  residue analysis  exposure assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 测定市售淡水鱼中渔用麻醉剂和喹诺酮类抗生素的残留含量并评估其膳食暴露风险。方法 在武汉市8个行政区域中共收集77批淡水鱼，采用HPLC-MS/MS法分别测定渔用麻醉剂（MS-222、苯佐卡因、丁香酚）及喹诺酮类抗生素（恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、培氟沙星、诺氟沙星）的含量，用点评估法分析各化合物的膳食暴露风险。结果 所有样品中均未检出MS-222和苯佐卡因，检出丁香酚48批次，含量范围为2.59～1927.3 μg/kg，不合格率为29.8%，各年龄段人群膳食暴露风险值均小于0.4%，膳食风险低。所有样品均未检出培氟沙星、诺氟沙星，检出恩诺沙星34批，含量范围为1.74～5585.0 μg/kg，氧氟沙星2批，含量范围为36.3～65.6 μg/kg，不合格率为18.2%，各年龄段人群的膳食暴露风险均小于7.9%。按品种分析，泥鳅和黄颡鱼中恩诺沙星的含量范围分别为:2.74～5585.0 μg/kg 、6.82～1014 μg/kg。膳食风险分别为:55.4%和9.0%。结论 该地区使用的渔用麻醉剂为丁香酚，检出率高，残留量大，需要制定规范性文件指导使用。恩诺沙星作为主要的喹诺酮类抗生素药物在该地区使用，有两个高风险品种:泥鳅和黄颡鱼，市场监管部门应重点关注这两个品种的监管。

英文摘要:

      ABSTRACT:Objective To evaluate the analysis and risk of fish sedatives and quinolones residues in freshwater fish. Methods The residues of fish sedatives (MS-222,benzocaine,eugenol) and quinolone antibiotics (enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, norfloxacin) in 77 batches of freshwater fish,collected from 8 administrative regions in Wuhan,were determined by HPLC-MS/MS.The risks assessment of the dietary exposure were evaluated by a point estimation method. Results Eugenol was detected in 48 batches, with a content range of 2.59～1927.3 μg/kg ,meanwhile MS-222 and benzocaine were not detected. The unqualified rate of fish sedatives was 29.8%.The dietary exposure risks of all age groups were below 0.4%, indicating low dietary risks.Enrofloxacin and ofloxacin were detected in 48 and 2 batches, with contents range of 1.74～5585.0 μg/kg and 36.3～65.6 μg/kg,respectively.Pefloxacin and norfloxacin were not detected. The unqualified rate of quinolones was 18.2%.The dietary exposure risks of all age groups were below 7.9%.The content of enrofloxacin in loach and pelteobagrus fulvidraco were 2.74～5585.0 μg/kg and 6.82～1014 μg/kg, with the dietary risks were 55.4% and 9.0%, respectively. Conclusion The legal documents were needed to guide the use of eugenol,used as fishery anesthetic in this region with high positive rate and high residual content.The Market Supervision and Administration should pay more attention to the use of enrofloxacin ,used as the main quinolone antibiotic in this region,with high unqualified rate, especially for the two high-risk species: loath and pelteobagrus fulvidraco.