2020—2024年河南省小麦质量品质对比分析

Comparative analysis of Triticum aestivum L. quality in Henan Province from 2020 to 2024

中文关键词:  小麦  质量品质  河南省  品种

英文关键词:Triticum aestivum L.  quality  Henan Province  variety

中文摘要:

      目的 了解2020—2024年河南省小麦质量品质情况。方法 对2020—2024年间河南省小麦质量品质数据进行了对比分析。结果 2020—2024年河南小麦质量呈波动上升的趋势。天气原因导致2023年小麦质量最差, 容重平均值为755 g/L, 三等以上(含三等)的比例为64.4%, 不完善粒均值高达34.6%, 而2022年的小麦整体质量最好, 容重均值为801 g/L, 三等以上(含三等)所占比例为99.6%, 不完善粒均值为2.9%。通过5年来小麦品质分析, 发现河南省小麦以中筋品种为主, 强筋品种在全省多地得到推广, 弱筋小麦在豫南部分地区得到较好推广。河南省小麦种植品种繁多, 5年来小麦品种数量逐年增加。结论 河南省小麦质量品质较好, 以中筋品种为主, 强、中、弱筋均表现优异, 适合各种面制品的加工, 但存在品种繁多, 规模化种植占比低等问题。

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand the quality of Triticum aestivum L. in Henan Province from 2020 to 2024. Methods A comparative analysis was conducted on the quality data of Triticum aestivum L. in Henan Province from 2020 to 2024. Results The quality of Triticum aestivum L. in Henan Province showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2020 to 2024. Due to weather conditions, the Triticum aestivum L. quality in 2023 was the worst, with an average test weight of 755 g/L. The proportion of third grade or above (including third grade) was 64.4%, and the average of defected kernel was as high as 34.6%. The overall quality of Triticum aestivum L. in 2022 was the best, with an average test weight of 801 g/L. The proportion of third grade or above (including third grade) was 99.6%, and the average of defected kernel was 2.9%. Through the analysis of Triticum aestivum L. quality over the past 5 years, it was found that Triticum aestivum L. in Henan Province was mainly composed of medium gluten varieties, strong gluten varieties had been effectively promoted throughout the province, and weak gluten Triticum aestivum L. had been well promoted in some areas of Southern Henan. Henan Province had a wide variety of Triticum aestivum L. planting varieties, and the number of Triticum aestivum L. varieties had been increasing year by year in the past 5 years. Conclusion The quality of Triticum aestivum L. in Henan Province is relatively good, mainly consisting of medium gluten varieties, which are suitable for the processing of various flour products. But there are problems such as a wide variety of varieties and a low proportion of large-scale planting.