大黄鱼背腹部肌肉6 种重金属检测及食用安全评价

Detection and edible safety evaluation of 6 kinds of heavy metals in dorsal and abdominal muscles of Larimichthys crocea

中文关键词:  大黄鱼  重金属  健康风险评估  数据评价

英文关键词:Larimichthys crocea  heavy metal  health risk assessment  data evaluation

中文摘要:

      摘 要: 目的 分析野生大黄鱼与养殖大黄鱼背部、腹部中的铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、汞(Hg)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)和砷(As)金属元素的含量分布特征，并进行食用健康风险评估。方法 采集野生大黄鱼[体长(35.16±4.62) cm，体重(510.68±33.74) g]和养殖大黄鱼[体长(32.90±1.11) cm，体重(454.19±20.03) g]的背部、腹部肌肉，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法和原子荧光光谱法测定6种重金属的含量, 采用污染指数法和健康风险评价进行分析。结果 野生大黄鱼与养殖大黄鱼背部、腹部中Hg、As、Cu、Zn的平均含量依次为0.128、0.032、4.179、5.526 mg/kg和0.023、0.195、4.106、5.389 mg/kg，Pb、Cd均未检出。单项重金属污染指数表明，两种大黄鱼背部、腹部Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和养殖大黄鱼背部、腹部Hg均为无污染水平；野生大黄鱼腹部Hg和As存在轻度污染，野生大黄鱼背部Hg存在中度污染；养殖大黄鱼背部、腹部As存在重度污染。野生大黄鱼肌肉中6种重金属综合污染指数值小于1，无污染；养殖大黄鱼肌肉中6种重金属综合污染指数值在1.0≤PI≤2.0之间，为轻度污染。结论 野生大黄鱼背部、腹部肌肉重金属含量未超出检测标准，养殖大黄鱼背部、腹部肌肉As元素超标；两种大黄鱼背部、腹部肌肉无明显健康风险。本文系统揭示养殖大黄鱼As元素富集问题，预警饲料或环境风险；通过污染指数与健康风险双维度评估，构建水产品安全评价模型；研究成果对完善我国水产养殖标准、提升水产品质量安全监管水平具有现实指导意义

英文摘要:

      ABSTRACT: Objective To analyze the content characteristics of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in the back and abdominal muscles of wild and farmed Larimichthys crocea were analyzed, and the food health threat and risk assessment were carried out. Methods The content of 6 kinds of heavy metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry in the back and abdominal parts of wild [(35.16±4.62) cm in length and (523.08±40.83) g in weight] and cultured [(32.90±1.11) cm in length and (454.19±20.03) g in weight] Larimichthys crocea. The pollution index method and health risk assessment were used for analysis. Results The average content of Hg, As, Cu, and Zn in the back and abdominal of wild and cultured Larimichthys crocea were 0.128, 0.032, 4.179, and 5.526 mg/kg, and 0.023, 0.195, 4.106, and 5.389 mg/kg, respectively. Pb and Cd were not detected. Based on the single heavy metal pollution index, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd in the back and abdominal of wild and cultured Larimichthys crocea and Hg in the back and abdominal of cultured Larimichthys crocea are pollution-free levels. There was slight pollution of Hg and As in the abdomen part of wild Larimichthys crocea, and moderate pollution of Hg in the back of wild Larimichthys crocea. Serious pollution level of As was found in the back and abdominal of the cultured Larimichthys crocea. The Comprehensive pollution index value of 6 kinds of heavy metals in the muscle of wild Larimichthys crocea was less than 1, which were pollution-free. And CPI value in the muscle tissue of farmed Larimichthys crocea was between 1.0 ≤ PI ≤ 2.0, which were mildly polluted. Conclusion The content of heavy metals in the back and abdominal muscles of wild Larimichthy crocea did not exceed the detection standard, and the As element in the back and abdominal muscles of cultured Larimichthys crocea exceeded the standard. There is no obvious health risk for the wild and cultured Larimichthys crocea muscles.This paper systematically reveals the problem of As enrichment in cultured Larimichthys crocea, and early warning of feed or environmental risks ; through the two-dimensional assessment of pollution index and health risk, the safety evaluation model of aquatic products was constructed. The research results have practical guiding significance for improving China 's aquaculture standards and improving the quality and safety supervision level of aquatic products.