食品中常见真菌毒素检测技术研究进展

Development of detecting method of mycotoxins in the food

中文关键词:  真菌毒素  食品检测  前处理技术  检测技术

英文关键词:mycotoxin  food detection  pretreatment technology  detection technology

中文摘要:

      真菌毒素是一类由丝状真菌在特定环境条件下产生的有毒次生代谢产物, 具有肾毒性、肝毒性、神经毒性和致畸、致癌以及致突变性, 这类毒素可通过污染谷物、果蔬、坚果等农产品及其加工制品进入食物链, 对人体健康构成严重威胁。因此, 开发高效、灵敏的食品中真菌毒素检测技术显得尤为重要。本文针对目前食品中常见的真菌毒素检测技术进行了系统综述, 重点探讨了不同检测技术在灵敏度、特异性、多组分同步检测以及现场快速筛查方面的技术特征, 剖析了复杂食品基质干扰消除、痕量毒素精准定量、检测标准物质研制等关键技术瓶颈, 为该领域内的深入研究以及国家等各级检测标准的更新优化提供参考, 以期进一步提升食品中真菌毒素检测的准确性和效率, 为食品安全保障提供有力支撑。

英文摘要:

      Fungal toxins are a class of toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi under specific environmental conditions, with nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenesis, and mutagenicity. These toxins can enter the food chain by contaminating agricultural products such as grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and their processed products, posing a serious threat to human health. Therefore, developing efficient and sensitive detection techniques for fungal toxins in food is particularly important. This article provided a systematic review of common fungal toxin detection technologies in food, focusing on the technical characteristics of different detection technologies in sensitivity, specificity, multi-component synchronous detection, and on-site rapid screening, analyzed the key technical bottlenecks such as complex food matrix interference elimination, precise quantification of trace toxins, and development of detection standard substances, providing reference for in-depth research in this field and the updating and optimization of national and other levels of detection standards, in order to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of fungal toxin detection in food and provide strong support for food safety assurance.