长白山中华蜜蜂蜂蜜的营养品质及挥发性成分分析

Analysis of nutritional quality and volatile compounds of honey from Apis cerana cerana in Changbai Mountain

中文关键词:  长白山中华蜜蜂  蜂蜜  营养品质  挥发性成分

英文关键词:Apis cerana cerana in Changbai Mountain  honey  nutritional quality  volatile compounds

中文摘要:

      目的 探讨长白山中华蜜蜂蜂蜜的营养品质和风味特性。方法 采用国家标准方法对长白山区不同产地(通化、吉林、白山和延边州)中蜂蜜的理化和营养指标(淀粉酶值、果糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、脂肪、蛋白质、脯氨酸、Na元素和维生素C)进行测定, 并利用气相离子迁移谱仪(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, GC-IMS)对其挥发性成分进行分析, 明确其香气特征。结果 各项指标均符合国家和行业标准要求, 其中以通化地区产地的蜂蜜品质为优。长白山区4个产地的中蜂蜜样品共鉴定出105种化合物, 其中醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类等是其风味的重要组成成分, 且不同产地的长白山中蜂蜜的挥发性成分存在差异, 其中氧化芳樟醇、糠醛、乙酸乙酯、乙酸、2-甲基-1-丙醇、3-甲基-1-丁醇是长白山中蜂蜜的特征性物质, 对其特征性香气的组成具有重要贡献。结论 长白山中华蜜蜂蜂蜜是营养品质较好的蜂蜜食品, 在脯氨酸、蛋白质、维生素C等营养价值上具有一定的优势。

英文摘要:

      Objective To discuss the nutritional quality and flavor characteristics of honey from Apis cerana cerana in Changbai Mountain. Methods The physicochemical and nutritional parameters (diastase number, fructose, glucose, maltose, sucrose, fat, protein, proline, Na and vitamin C) of honey from Apis cerana cerana in Changbai Mountain (region of Tonghua, Jilin, Baishan and Yanbian) were determined based on several published standards in this study. The volatile compounds in honey were detected by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), and its aroma characteristics were clarified. Results The results showed that all the indicators were in line with the national and industrial standards, and the quality of honey from Tonghua region was the best. A total of 105 compounds were identified in honey from 4 region, among which alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and esters were important components of the flavor. And there were differences in the volatile components of honey from Changbai Mountain in different regions. Among them linalool oxide, furfural, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, 2-methyl-1-propanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol were the characteristic substances of honey from Apis cerana cerana in Changbai Mountain, and they contributed to the composition of its characteristic aroma. Conclusion Honey from Apis cerana cerana in Changbai Mountain is a nutritious honey food with certain advantages in nutritional values such as proline, protein, and vitamin C.