甘露聚糖对肠道微生物的调控及其对糖脂代谢疾病的干预

Regulation of gut microbiota by mannans and their intervention in glucose and lipid metabolic diseases

中文关键词:  甘露聚糖  肠道微生物  短链脂肪酸  糖脂代谢

英文关键词:mannans  gut microbiota  short-chain fatty acids  glucose and lipid metabolism

中文摘要:

      近年来, 糖脂代谢性相关疾病患病率大幅增加, 并且常伴有肠道菌群稳态失调。甘露聚糖作为一类功能性多糖, 来源广泛, 在调节肠道微生物群和影响宿主健康中扮演着关键角色, 受到人们广泛关注。本综述深入探讨了不同来源的葡甘露聚糖、半乳甘露聚糖及甘露低聚糖的结构表征, 特别关注了甘露聚糖对肠道微生物群的影响及其在精准营养中的潜在应用。研究表明, 甘露聚糖可以选择性促进双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌等益生菌的生长, 抑制大肠杆菌等病原菌的增殖, 影响短链脂肪酸等肠道代谢产物的产生和支链氨基酸的代谢, 进而优化肠道微生物的结构和功能。也总结了甘露聚糖的肠道可利用性及其在糖尿病、高脂血症、肥胖等糖脂代谢性疾病中的健康益处, 有望为多种慢性疾病的预防和治疗提供新的干预策略。

英文摘要:

      In recent years, the incidence of glucose and lipid metabolism-related diseases has increased significantly, often accompanied by dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Mannans, as a class of functional polysaccharides with diverse sources, play an important role in regulating the gut microbiota and impacting host health, garnering widespread attention. This review delved into the structural characterization of glucomannans, galactomannans, and mannan oligosaccharides from various sources, with particular emphasis on the impact of mannans on the gut microbiota and their potential applications in precision nutrition. Studies indicated that mannans could selectively promote the growth of probiotics such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, while inhibiting the proliferation of pathogens like Escherichia coli, affecting the production of short-chain fatty acids and the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids, thereby optimizing the structure and function of the gut microbiota. The review also summarized the intestinal fermentability of mannans and their health benefits in metabolic diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, offering new intervention strategies for the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases.