食品中黄曲霉毒素检测研究进展

Research progress on the detection of aflatoxins in foods

中文关键词:  黄曲霉毒素  分析检测  样品前处理

英文关键词:aflatoxins  analysis and detection  sample pretreatment

中文摘要:

      黄曲霉毒素是由黄曲霉和寄生曲霉等菌株产生的一类双呋喃环类毒素, 具有较好的化学稳定性和热稳定性, 对人体有极强的肝毒性、致癌性、致畸性等毒副作用。由于食品中黄曲霉毒素的含量较低且基质复杂, 其中含有大量的碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质、食品添加剂等, 对毒素的准确定性定量检测产生很大的干扰, 因此探寻新型的样品前处理技术, 建立快速、实用的检测方法, 对于毒素检测具有重要意义。本文综述了黄曲霉毒素前处理提取技术(液相萃取、固相萃取、超声波微波辅助萃取、免疫亲和层析)和检测方法(薄层分析法、高效液相色谱-质谱法、酶联免疫吸附法、免疫层析法、核酸适配体传感技术)在食品黄曲霉毒素分析中的应用, 并对其相关的在线联用、新技术结合传统设备、易操作、低成本化等发展趋势进行了展望, 对真菌毒素的检测发展提供了可靠支持。

英文摘要:

      Aflatoxins are of difuran cyclotoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, and own good chemical stability, thermal stability, strong hepatotoxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and other toxicity to human body. Due to the low content of aflatoxins in food and the complex food matrix, these food samples contain a large number of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, food additives, etc., which have great interference to the accurate qualitative and quantitative detection of aflatoxins. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore new sample pretreatment techniques and establish rapid and practical detection methods for aflatoxins. This paper reviewed the application of aflatoxin pretreatment techniques (liquid phase extraction, solid phase extraction, ultrasonic microwave assisted extraction, immunoaffinity chromatography) and detection methods (thin-layer analysis, high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunochromatography, nucleic acid aptamer sensing) in the analysis of aflatoxins in food, prospected the development trends towards online combination, the integration of new technologies with traditional equipment, ease of operation, and low cost, providing reliable support for the development of mycotoxin detection.