2016—2023年河北省谷物及其制品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及其衍生物污染状况及暴露风险评估

Contamination situations and exposure risks assessments of deoxynivalenol and its derivatives in grains and their products in Hebei Province from 2016 to 2023

中文关键词:  河北地区  谷物及其制品  脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇  风险评估

英文关键词:Hebei Province  grains and their products  deoxynivalenol  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 了解河北地区谷物及其制品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol, DON)及其衍生物的污染状况及暴露风险。方法 对河北地区2016年到2023年风险监测的1594份谷物及其制品, 采用同位素稀释液相色谱-串联质谱法测定DON及其衍生物, 分析其浓度, 根据成人膳食消费量评估河北省居民对谷物及其制品中DON的暴露风险。结果 DON在小麦及其制品中检出率最高, 检出率范围在61.40%~97.78%。DON在玉米及其制品中检出率范围在36.13%~86.75%。DON在米类中检出率较低, 在大米中检出率为0%; 在薏米中检出率为20.31%。风险评估显示, 成人慢性暴露范围为0.02~0.62 μg/(kg·bw·d), 结果均小于每日最大容许摄入量指导值1.0 μg/(kg·bw·d)。结论 DON在谷物及其制品中污染较为普遍, 谷物及其制品中小麦及其制品的DON检出率和污染水平均最高, 玉米类的污染水平次之, 米类的污染水平相对较低。成人通过摄入面类、玉米和米类造成DON的膳食暴露无显著慢性摄入风险。面类是人群DON暴露的主要来源, 应持续关注谷物及其制品中DON污染问题, 降低膳食暴露风险。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the contamination situations and exposure risks of deoxynivalenol (DON) and their derivatives in grains and their products in Hebei Province. Methods Totally 1594 grains and their products in Hebei Province from 2016 to 2023 were investigated. DON and its derivatives were determined by isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Their concentrations were analyzed, and the exposure risk of DON to grains and their products among residents in Hebei Province was evaluated based on adult dietary consumption. Results The detection rates of DON were the highest in wheat and their products, ranging from 61.40% to 97.78%. The detection rates of DON in corn and its products were ranging from 36.13% to 86.75%. The detection rate of DON in rice was relatively low, with a detection rate of 0% in rice and 20.31% in Job’s tears. Risk assessment showed that the chronic exposure range for adults was 0.02–0.62 μg/(kg·bw·d), which was lower than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake guidance value of 1.0 μg/(kg·bw·d). Conclusion DON contamination is relatively common in grains and their products. Among these, wheat and their products exhibit the highest detection rate and contamination levels of DON, followed by corn-based products, while rice-based products show relatively lower contamination levels. For adults, the dietary exposure to DON through the consumption of wheat-based foods, corn, and rice does not pose a significant chronic intake risk. Wheat-based foods are the primary source of DON exposure in the population. Continuous monitoring of DON contamination in grains and their products is necessary to reduce dietary exposure risks.