不同产地油莎豆中水溶性糖分析

Analysis of water soluble sugars in Cyperus esculentus collected in different producing areas

中文关键词:  油莎豆  水溶性糖  高效液相色谱法  D-半乳糖醛酸

英文关键词:Cyperus esculentus  water soluble sugar  high performance liquid chromatography  D-galactouronic acid

中文摘要:

      目的 建立油莎豆水溶性糖的定性和定量方法, 分析产地和气候环境条件对油莎豆中水溶性糖的种类及其含量的影响。方法 采用高效液相色谱-示差折光检测器分析油莎豆中的麦芽糖、棉子糖、蔗糖、D-葡萄糖、D-半乳糖和D-果糖, Aminex? HPX-87C (300 mm×7.8 mm)糖分析色谱柱, 柱温85 ℃, 流动相为一级水, 流速0.3 mL/min。采用高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器分析油莎豆中的D-半乳糖醛酸, XBridge? Amide 3.5 μm氨基柱, 柱温40 ℃, 0.2%三乙胺水-乙腈(20:80, V:V)为流动相, 流速0.6 mL/min, 检测器气压40 psi, 漂移管温度82 ℃, 增益800。结果 建立了油莎豆中的7种水溶性糖的分析方法, 具有较好的准确度和精密度, 7种水溶性糖的检出限为0.02~0.05 μg, 定量限为0.06~0.10 μg。基于该方法对11省区186个样品中的麦芽糖、棉子糖、蔗糖、D-葡萄糖、D-半乳糖和D-果糖及D-半乳糖醛酸等7种水溶性糖的含量进行分析。油莎豆样品中的总糖含量在11.10%~25.51%之间, 不同产地差异较大, 其中东北、华北和西北地区的样品高于南方地区。油莎豆中的水溶性糖主要是蔗糖, 占65.48%~75.85%, 麦芽糖、棉子糖和D-半乳糖醛酸的含量较高, 分别为1.01%~2.93%、0.37%~1.09%和1.94%~2.53%, 占总糖含量的9.11%~12.73%、1.62%~6.37%和7.95%~17.75%。D-葡萄糖和D-果糖含量分别为0.01%~1.07%和0.02%~0.78%, 占总糖含量的0.07%~4.21%和0.17%~3.28%。除黑龙江的样品外, 其他样品中都能检测出少量D-半乳糖。结论 本研究建立了油莎豆中水溶性糖的分析方法, 研究了不同产地样品中水溶性糖的含量, 为油莎豆的育种和种植研究提供依据, 同时也可指导油莎豆的深加工和碳水化合物的制备与应用。

英文摘要:

      Objective To establish the qualitative and quantitative methods for water soluble sugars in Cyperus esculentus meal, and to analyze the effects of producing areas and climatic conditions on the kinds and content of sugars in Cyperus esculentus meal. Methods High performance liquid chromatography equipped with a refractive index detector was performed to analyze maltose, raffinose, sucrose, D-glucose, D-galactose, and D-fructose in Cyperus esculentus meal. Aminex? HPX-87C (300 mm7.8 mm) sugar-analyzing column was used with a column temperature of 85 °C and a mobile phase of pure water at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The D-galactouronic acid in Cyperus esculentus meal was analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography equipped with an evaporative light scattering detector. XBridge? Amide 3.5 μm amino column was used with the column temperature of 40 °C. The mobile phase of 0.2% triethylamine water-acetonitrile (20:80, V:V) was used with the flow rate of 0.6 mL/min, and the gas pressure was 40 psi, drift tube temperature was 82 ℃ and the gain of 800. Results An analytical method for 7 kinds of water-soluble sugars in soybean oil was established, which had good accuracy and precision. The limits of detection of the 7 kinds of water soluble sugars were 0.02–0.05 μg and the limits of quantification were 0.06–0.10 μg. The content of 7 kinds of water-soluble sugars, including maltose, raffinose, sucrose, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-fructose, and D-galactouronic acid in 186 samples from 11 Provinces and regions were analyzed based on the method. The total sugar content in the Cyperus esculentus meal samples ranged from 11.10% to 25.51%, with significant differences among different regions. Samples from Northeast, North, and Northwest of China were higher than those from Southern China. The water soluble sugars in Cyperus esculentus meal were mainly sucrose, accounting for 65.48% to 75.85% of total sugar. In addition, maltose, raffinose, and D-galactouronic acid had high content, ranging from 1.01%–2.93%, 0.37%–1.09%, and 1.94%–2.53%, respectively, accounting for 9.11%–12.73%, 1.62%–6.37%, and 7.95%–17.75% of the total sugar content. The content of D-glucose and D-fructose was 0.01%–1.07% and 0.02%–0.78%, respectively, accounting for 0.07%–4.21% and 0.17%–3.28% of the total sugar content, respectively. Except for the samples from Heilongjiang Province, a few amount of D-galactose was also detected in most of other samples. Conclusion This study establish an analysis method for sugar content in Cyperus esculentus meal and investigated the content of water soluble sugars in samples from different producing areas. This provides a basis for breeding and planting research of Cyperus esculentus, and also can offer the guideline to the deep processing of Cyperus esculentus and the preparation and application of carbohydrates.