伏马毒素及其水解型对斑马鱼的神经行为效应研究

Neurobehavioral effects of fumonisin and hydrolyzed fumonisin in Danio rerio

中文关键词:  伏马毒素  隐蔽型伏马毒素  斑马鱼  神经行为学

英文关键词:fumonisin  hydrolyzed fumonisin  Danio rerio  neurobehavioral effect

中文摘要:

      目的 研究亚致死浓度(9~270 mg/L)下, 伏马毒素及水解型伏马毒素急性暴露对斑马鱼的神经行为效应。方法 本研究以斑马鱼幼鱼为受试生物, 采用行为毒理试验仪记录其在不同暴露水平下的自发运动距离、游速, 明暗刺激反应下不同阶段的游动情况, 及在十字迷宫不同颜色区域中的分布, 并对结果进行统计分析。结果 高浓度伏马毒素(79 mg/L)导致斑马鱼的自发运动活跃性显著降低, 总运动距离和平均游速降低约70%; 而低浓度水解型伏马毒素(30 mg/L)则使自发运动活跃性显著提高, 相应指标提升130%及以上。伏马毒素在亚急性浓度下未对斑马鱼的明暗刺激反应能力产生显著效应, 但水解型伏马毒素却表现出低浓度下促进、高浓度下抑制的现象。在伏马毒素或其水解型暴露后, 斑马鱼对蓝色的偏好以及对黄色、绿色的逃避均有所减弱。结论 斑马鱼的神经行为对水解型伏马毒素较其原型更为敏感, 斑马鱼神经行为学研究具有化合物使用剂量低、快速、直观的特点, 适合新型毒性物质(如: 隐蔽型真菌毒素)的早期毒性效应筛查。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the neurobehavioral effects of fumonisin and hydrolyzed fumonisin in zebrafish under sub-lethal concentrations (9–270 mg/L). Methods Using Danio rerio as test organism, their spontaneous swimming distance and speed, and their locomotor activity under light-dark stimulation, as well as their distribution in different color areas of the cross maze were recorded by a behavioral toxicity recorder, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results The spontaneous locomotor activity of Danio rerio was significantly decreased after exposure in high concentration of fumonisin (79 mg/L), with a decrease of 70% in total movement distance and average swimming speed. In contrast, after exposure in low concentration of hydrolyzed fumonisin (30 mg/L), the spontaneous locomotor activity was significantly enhanced, with an increase of 130% or more of respective indicators. Fumonisin at subacute concentrations did not significantly affect the light-dark response ability of Danio rerio, but the hydrolyzed form of fumonisin showed a promoting effect at low concentrations and an inhibitory effect at high concentrations. After exposure to fumonisin or its hydrolyzed form, the preference of Danio rerio for blue and their avoidance of yellow and green were both weakened. Conclusion The neurobehavior of Danio rerio is more sensitive to hydrolyzed fumonisin than to its prototype. Using low amount of test compounds, and being fast and visual, neurobehavioral study of Danio rerio is a suitable tool for the early stage toxicity screening of emerging toxicants (e.g. masked mycotoxins).