不同干制柴达木枸杞重金属含量测定及健康风险评价

Determination of heavy metal content and health risk evaluation of different dried Chaidamu Lycium barbarum L.

中文关键词:  枸杞  晒干  烘干  吊干  锁鲜  重金属含量  健康风险

英文关键词:Lycium barbarum L.  sun-dried  hot air dried  hang-dried  lock-in freshness  heavy metal content  health risk

中文摘要:

      目的 对柴达木诺木洪农场不同干制枸杞中的As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb的含量进行检测分析, 并评价枸杞经食用途径摄入的重金属对人体的健康风险。方法 使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪, 对枸杞中的6种重金属元素含量进行测定; 采用单因子指数法、均值污染指数法、污染因子分析法、内梅罗综合污染指数对枸杞重金属的污染程度进行全面的分析评价; 采用目标危险系数法对枸杞进行单一及复合重金属摄入健康风险评价。结果 该地区枸杞中的6种重金属单项污染指数均小于1, 综合污染指数均小于0.7, 锁鲜组均值污染指数小于0.1, 为未污染状态, 晒干、烘干、吊干组均值污染指数小于0.2, 为轻微污染状态, 其中Cu、Cd为主要污染因子; 通过相关性和主成分分析, 枸杞干制过程中的重金属污染源具有多样化且多种途径的特征, 经过锁鲜处理和吊干处理的枸杞重金属含量安全系数更高; 经食用枸杞人体所摄入的单一重金属或复合重金属对儿童或成人均不造成健康风险。结论 该地区枸杞重金属的污染程度低, 含量符合中国药典2020的限量要求, 不同干制对枸杞的重金属含量存在一定的影响, 本研究可为干制中枸杞的重金属污染防治提供参考依据。

英文摘要:

      Objective To detect and analyze the content of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb in different dried Lycium barbarum L. from Nuomuhong Farm, Chaidamu, and evaluate the health risk of heavy metals in Lycium barbarum L. via the dietary route to humans. Methods The content of 6 kinds of heavy metals in Lycium barbarum L. was determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer. The pollution degree of Lycium barbarum L. heavy metals was evaluated by single factor index, mean pollution index, pollution factor analysis and Nemero’s composite pollution index. The target risk factor method was used to evaluate the health risk of single and complex heavy metal intake of Lycium barbarum L. Results The single pollution index of 6 kinds of heavy metals in Lycium barbarum L. in this area was less than 1, and the comprehensive pollution index was less than 0.7, and the mean pollution index of the lock-in freshness group was less than 0.1, which was uncontaminated, and the mean pollution index of the sun-dried, hot air dried, and hang-dried groups was less than 0.2, which was a slightly contaminated state, and among them, Cu, and Cd were the main contaminating factors. Through correlation and principal component analysis, the sources of heavy metal pollution in the drying process of Lycium barbarum L. were characterized by diversified and multiple pathways, and the heavy metal content of Lycium barbarum L. that had undergone lock-in freshness treatment and hang-dried treatment had a higher safety coefficient; the single or compound heavy metals ingested by the human body through the consumption of Lycium barbarum L. did not pose a health risk to either children or adults. Conclusion The pollution degree of heavy metal of Lycium barbarum L. in this region is low, and the content is in accordance with the limited requirement of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020, and there is a certain effect of different drying on the heavy metal content of Lycium barbarum L., and this test can provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution of Lycium barbarum L. in the drying system.