2016—2023年包头市食源性致病微生物污染状况研究

Study on the contamination status of foodborne pathogenic microorganisms in Baotou City from 2016 to 2023

中文关键词:  食源性致病菌  食品安全  弯曲菌  肉与肉制品

英文关键词:foodborne pathogens  food safety  meat and meat products  aquatic products and their products

中文摘要:

      目的 调查2016—2023年内蒙古包头市食品中食源性致病菌的污染现状并对其进行风险评估。方法 依据《内蒙古自治区食品安全风险监测计划—微生物监测》要求, 于 2016—2023年在包头市10个旗县区采集食品样本, 按照标准操作程序进行食源性致病菌检测。结果 8年共采集17个大类1358份食品样本, 检出14种485株致病微生物, 总检出率为26.58% (361/1358)。在11类检出致病微生物的食品样本中, 肉与肉制品、水产品及其制品的致病微生物检出率较高, 分别为42.35% (227/536)和47.78% (43/90)。农贸市场、种植养殖场等采样环节食品致病微生物污染严重, 检出率分别为42.13% (75/178)、61.22% (30/49)。其中溶藻弧菌、弯曲菌检出率较高, 分别为 40.00% (8/20)、50.22% (113/225)。监测样本阳性检出率随年份增长逐年增高, 2016年阳性率为1.05% (2/190), 2023年达50.00% (100/200)。结论 包头市肉与肉制品、水产品及其制品受食源性致病菌污染程度较高, 农贸市场等采样环节存在引发食源性疾病的风险。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the contamination status and conduct a risk assessment of foodborne pathogens in food samples from Baotou City, Inner Mongolia, from 2016 to 2023. Methods According to the requirements of the Inner mongolia autonomous region food safety risk monitoring plan—Microbiological monitoring, food samples were collected from 10 counties and districts in Baotou City between 2016 and 2023. Detection of foodborne pathogens was performed following standard operating procedures. Results Over the 8-year period, a total of 1358 food samples from 17 major categories were collected, and 485 strains of pathogenic microorganisms belonging to 14 species were detected, with an overall detection rate of 26.58% (361/1358). Among the 11 categories of food samples with detected pathogens, meat and meat products, as well as aquatic products and their products, showed higher detection rates of 42.35% (227/536) and 47.78% (43/90), respectively. Food samples from sampling points such as farmers’ markets and farming sites were heavily contaminated, with detection rates of 42.13% (75/178) and 61.22% (30/49), respectively. Among the pathogens, Vibrio alginolyticus and Campylobacter had higher detection rates of 40.00% (8/20) and 50.22% (113/225), respectively. The positive detection rate of monitored samples increased annually, rising from 1.05% (2/190) in 2016 to 50.00% (100/200) in 2023. Conclusion The contamination level of foodborne pathogens in meat and meat products, as well as aquatic products and their products, is relatively high in Baotou City. Sampling points such as farmers’ markets pose a risk of causing foodborne diseases.