2014—2023年上海市居民蔬菜和水果中毒死蜱膳食暴露评估

Dietary exposure risk assessment of chlorpyrifos in vegetables and fruits in residents in Shanghai from 2014 to 2023

中文关键词:  蔬菜  水果  毒死蜱  膳食暴露  风险评估

英文关键词:vegetables  fruits  chlorpyrifos  dietary exposure  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 了解2014—2023年上海市蔬菜和水果中毒死蜱残留水平, 评估蔬菜和水果中毒死蜱膳食暴露风险。方法 收集整理2014—2023年上海市蔬菜和水果毒死蜱抽检监测数据, 结合2013年上海市居民食物消费量数据, 采用点评估方法计算居民毒死蜱膳食暴露量, 并与毒死蜱急性参考剂量(acute reference dose, ARfD)和每日允许摄入量(acceptable daily intake, ADI)进行比较, 评估上海市居民通过蔬菜和水果摄入毒死蜱的急性中毒风险和慢性健康风险。结果 33796件蔬菜样本检出率为0.97%, 平均值为0.00131 mg/kg, 超标率为0.46%。9228件水果样本检出率为5.26%, 平均值为0.00320 mg/kg, 超标率为0.00%。上海市3岁以上人群通过蔬菜和水果摄入毒死蜱的急性暴露量分别为0.0432 mg/kg bw和0.0141 mg/kg bw, 急性暴露量占ARfD比值分别为43.19%和14.15%。通过蔬菜和水果摄入毒死蜱的慢性暴露量分别为5.34×10–6 mg/kg bw和8.43×10–6 mg/kg bw, 慢性暴露量占ADI比值分别为0.053%和0.084%。结论 上海市居民通过蔬菜和水果中毒死蜱摄入的急性中毒风险和慢性健康风险均较低。

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand the residual levels of chlorpyrifos in vegetables and fruits in Shanghai in 2014—2023, and evaluate the dietary exposure risk of chlorpyrifos in vegetables and fruits. Methods A number of different varieties of vegetables and fruits in Shanghai were inspected and monitored for the detection of chlorpyrifos from 2014 to 2023. Combined with the food consumption data of residents in Shanghai in 2013, dietary exposure risk assessment of chlorpyrifos were conducted by point assessment method. The assessment results were compared with the acute reference dose (ARfD) and acceptable daily intake (ADI) to assess the acute and chronic exposure risk of chlorpyrifos in vegetables and fruits in residents in Shanghai. Results The quantity of vegetables samples was 33796, the detection rate was 0.97%, the average value was 0.00131 mg/kg, and the exceedance rate was 0.46%. The quantity of fruits samples was 9228, the detection rate was 5.26%, the average value was 0.00320 mg/kg, and the exceedance rate was 0.00%. The acute exposure of chlorpyrifos residues ingested through vegetables and fruits were 0.0432 mg/kg bw and 0.0141 mg/kg bw, the ratio of acute exposure to ARfD respectively were 43.19% and 14.15% among the population aged 3 and above. The chronic exposure of chlorpyrifos residues ingested through vegetables and fruits were 5.34×10–6 mg/kg bw and 8.43×10–6 mg/kg bw, the ratio of chronic exposure to ADI respectively were 0.053% and 0.084%. Conclusion Both the acute and chronic exposure risks of chlorpyrifos ingested through vegetables and fruits in residents are low in Shanghai.