电子鼻技术与气相色谱-质谱法鉴别蜂蜜掺假

Identification of honey adulteration based on electronic nose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

中文关键词:  蜂蜜掺假  植物源鉴别  挥发性物质  电子鼻  气质联用技术

英文关键词:honey adulteration  identification of botanical origin  volatile compounds  electronic nose  gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

中文摘要:

      目的 探究油菜蜜掺假样品和糖浆掺假样品与真实蜂蜜气味差异和挥发性物质差异。方法 构建5%、10%、20%、30%不同比例糖浆掺假和蜜源掺假样品, 采用电子鼻技术和顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱技术(solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, HS-SPME-GC-MS)分析掺假样品和真实蜂蜜样品的气味和挥发性物质。结果 电子鼻(electronic nose, E-nose)结合主成分分析((principal component analysis, PCA)和稀疏偏最小二乘法判别分析(sparse partial least squares-discriminant analysis, sPLS-DA)可以区分椴树蜜、枣花蜜、洋槐蜜不同蜜源蜂蜜, 能区分糖浆掺假样品与真实蜂蜜, 但不能区分洋槐蜜与油菜蜜掺假样品。GC-MS结果表明, 洋槐蜜、椴树蜜和枣花蜜中共鉴定出62种挥发性化合物, 洋槐蜜中醇类物质含量最高, 枣花蜜中醛类物质含量最高, 椴树蜜中萜烯类物质含量最高, 挥发性物质含量结合sPLS-DA可以区分100%洋槐蜜、100%椴树蜜和5%~30%糖浆掺假、5%~30%油菜蜜掺假样品。结论 基于E-nose气味分析和GC-MS挥发性物质分析结合化学计量学分析可以进行糖浆掺假和油菜蜜掺假蜂蜜样品鉴别, 研究结果为蜂蜜溯源和掺假鉴别研究提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore of odor differences and volatile differences between rape honey-adulterated and syrup-adulterated samples and real honey. Methods Different proportions of 5%, 10%, 20% and 30% syrup-adulterated and rape honey-adulterated samples were constructed, and the electronic nose technique and headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) were used to analyze the odors and volatiles of the adulterated and authentic honey samples. Results The electronic nose (E-nose) combined with the principal component analysis (PCA) and sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) could distinguish different botanical honey of linden honey, jujube honey acacia honey, and could distinguish syrup-adulterated samples from real honey, but could not distinguish rape honey-adulterated samples from acacia honey. The GC-MS results showed that 62 kinds of volatile compounds were identified in acacia honey, linden honey and jujube honey, with the highest content of alcohols in acacia honey, aldehydes in jujube honey, terpenes in linden honey. The content of volatile compounds in combination with sPLS-DA could distinguish 100% acacia honey, 100% linden honey from 5%–30% syrup-adulterated samples and 5%–30% rape honey-adulterated samples. Conclusion The odor analysis and volatiles analysis based on E-nose and GC-MS combined with chemometrics analysis can be used to identify syrup-adulterated and rape honey-adulterated samples. The results of the study provide a reference for honey traceability and adulteration identification studies.