2021—2023年上海市市售豇豆中倍硫磷的膳食暴露风险评估

Dietary exposure risk assessment of fenthion in Vigna unguiculata sold in Shanghai from 2021 to 2023

中文关键词:  豇豆  倍硫磷  暴露评估  风险商

英文关键词:Vigna unguiculata  fenthion  exposure assessment  risk quotient

中文摘要:

      目的 评估2021—2023年上海市居民通过豇豆摄入倍硫磷的膳食暴露风险。方法 采用慢性风险商评估方法, 用实测的豇豆中倍硫磷暴露浓度的数值来对风险进行表征, 根据风险商数值的大小对慢性风险进行评估。结果 2021—2023上海市市售2301件豇豆样品中倍硫磷总体检出率为3.00%, 不合格率为2.3%, 倍硫磷含量均值为1.23×10–2 mg/kg, 最大值为4.45 mg/kg。按不同月份分析, 每年2月豇豆中倍硫磷不合格率和平均检出值最高分别为18.9%和0.12 mg/kg。按不同采样点分析, 网络销售的豇豆中倍硫磷的检出率和不合格率最高。上海市居民每日膳食平均暴露量为5.88×10–6 mg/(kg·bw), P95暴露量为3.05×10–5 mg/(kg·bw), 平均风险商为8.40×10–7, P95为4.36×10–6。结论 2021—2023年上海市不同人群的风险商均远小于1, 因此上海市居民通过豇豆摄入倍硫磷对人体的健康风险较低。

英文摘要:

      Objective To assess the dietary exposure risk of fenthion in Vigna unguiculata among Shanghai residents from 2021 to 2023. Methods The primary method employed was the chronic risk quotient assessment. The measured exposure concentrations of fenthion in Vigna unguiculata were used to characterize the risk, with the chronic risk evaluated based on the risk quotient values. Results From 2021 to 2023, a total of 2301 Vigna unguiculata samples from Shanghai markets were tested, with an overall detection rate of fenthion at 3.00% and a non-compliance rate of 2.3%. The average fenthion concentration was 1.23×10–2 mg/kg, with a maximum value of 4.45 mg/kg. Analysis by different months showed that in February each year, the non-compliance rate and average detection value of fenthion in Vigna unguiculata were the highest, at 18.9% and 0.12 mg/kg, respectively. Analysis by different sampling locations indicated that Vigna unguiculata sold online had the highest detection and non-compliance rates. The average daily dietary exposure of Shanghai residents was 5.88×10–6 mg/(kg·bw) with a P95 exposure of 3.05×10–5 mg/(kg·bw). The average risk quotient was 8.40×10–4, with a P95 of 4.36×10–3. Conclusion The risk quotient for different population groups in Shanghai from 2021 to 2023 is far below 1, indicating that the health risk from fenthion exposure through Vigna unguiculata consumption is low for Shanghai residents.