8种彩色马铃薯中花青素含量测定及其在贮藏过程中的含量变化研究

Determination of anthocyanin content in 8 kinds of colored Solanum tuberosum L. varieties and its changes during storage

中文关键词:  彩色马铃薯  高效液相色谱法  花青素  含量

英文关键词:colored Solanum tuberosum L.  high performance liquid chromatography  anthocyanidin

中文摘要:

      目的 测定8种彩色马铃薯块茎中花青素含量及其在贮藏过程中含量变化。方法 应用高效液相色谱法分别对不同贮藏期间8种彩色马铃薯薯皮和薯肉中的6种主要花青素进行测定。结果 8种彩色马铃薯薯皮、薯肉中花青素的种类及含量差距明显, 均能检测到4种以上的花青素, 飞燕草色素、矮牵牛色素、芍药素广泛存在于8种彩色马铃薯的块茎中, 薯肉中均未检测到矢车菊色素。6种紫色马铃薯块茎中主要的花青素为矮牵牛色素, 2种红色马铃薯块茎中主要花青素是天竺葵色素, 6种花青素含量占整个马铃薯块茎花青素含量的82.5%以上; 在贮藏过程中CS3薯皮及块茎中天竺葵色素在15 d时含量达到最高, CS4薯皮中矮牵牛色素在29 d时含量达到最高, CS4和CS7的薯皮及块茎、CS6薯肉及块茎、CS8薯皮及薯肉中的飞燕草色素在29 d 时含量达到最高, CS5薯皮及块茎中的芍药素在29 d含量达到最高, 其余彩色马铃薯薯皮及薯肉中各花青素的含量在22 d时含量达到最高。结论 8种彩色马铃薯(尤其是薯皮)均含有丰富的花青素, 贮藏时间不同, 花青素种类无明显变化, 块茎和表皮中的花青素含量变化明显, 薯肉中的花青素含量无明显变化, 为提升彩色马铃薯的附加价值以及花青素资源的开发提供思路和基础数据。

英文摘要:

      Objective To determin the content of anthocyanins and their changes during storage in the tuber of 8 kinds of colored Solanum tuberosum L. varieties. Methods The content of 6 kinds of major anthocyanins in the skin and flesh of 8 kinds of colored Solanum tuberosum L. from different storage periods were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results There were significant differences in the composition and content of anthocyanins in the tuber of 8 kinds of colored Solanum tuberosum L., and more than 4 kinds of anthocyanins could be detected in each sample. Delphinidin, petunidin and peonidin were widely found in the tuber of coloured Solanum tuberosum L., no cyanidin was found in flesh. Petunidin was the dominant anthocyanidin in purple-coloured Solanum tuberosum L., while pelargonidin was the main anthocyanidin in red-coloured Solanum tuberosum L.. The 6 kinds of anthocyanidins in the skin of coloured Solanum tuberosum L. account for over 82.5% of total anthocyanins in whole tuber. During the storage, the content of pelargonidin in the skin and tuber of CS3 reached the highest at 15 d, the content of petunidin in the skin and tuber of CS4 reached the highest at 29 d, the content of delphinidin in the skin and tuber of CS4 and CS7, the flesh and tuber of CS6 and the skin and flesh of CS8 reached the highest at 29 d, the content of peonidin in the skin and tuber of CS5 reached the highest at 29 d. The anthocyanidins of the skin and flesh in the rest of coloured Solanum tuberosum L. reached the highest at 22 d. Conclusion All 8 kinds of colored Solanum tuberosum L. (especially in skins) contain abundant anthocyanins. There is no significant change in anthocyanin composition but obvious variation in its content in skin and tuber, whereas there is little difference in anthocyanin content in flesh. This study provides ideas and basic data to enhance added value of colored potatoes as well as develop resources of anthocyanins.