辽宁沿海经济鱼类的全氟化合物污染状况和风险分析

Pollution status and risk analysis of perfluorinated compounds in the commercial fishes in Liaoning coastal areas

中文关键词:  全氟化合物(PFCs)  全氟辛磺酸(PFOS)  全氟辛酸(FPOA)  污染水平  生物富集

英文关键词:perfluorinated compounds  perfluorooctane sulfonates  perfluorooctanoic acid  pollution levels  bioaccumulation

中文摘要:

      目的 调查辽宁沿海经济鱼类的全氟化合物(perfluorinated compounds, PFCs)污染状况。方法 采集辽宁省主要经济海域旅顺、庄河、营口、锦州4个地区6种主要经济鱼类样品, 建立海洋生物样品的前处理规范程序, 用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测PFCs, 研究这些经济鱼类中PFCs的污染水平, 并进行生物富集风险分析。结果 这些海域经济鱼类中PFCs污染主要为全氟辛磺酸(perfluorooctane sulfonates, PFOS)和全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid, FPOA)污染。PFOA在鱼类样品中检出率达到100%, PFOA含量最大值达30.30 ng/g ww, 最小值为4.02 ng/g ww。PFOS在鱼类内脏中的检出率达到100%, 而在鱼肉组织未检出。黑鮶鱼、六线鱼、小黄鱼是所测试的这些经济鱼类中更易富集PFOS、PFOA的鱼种, 具有潜在的生物富集效应。结论 经济鱼类中广泛存在PFCs污染, PFCs的检测工作应该持续开展, 对于PFOS及PFOA污染严重的地区应尽早采取防治措施, 持续进行这些污染物的监测及风险分析。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the pollution status of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in commercial fish in Liaoning coastal areas. Methods The 6 species of marine commercial fish were collected from 4 coastal areas in Liaoning, including Lvshun, Zhuanghe, Yingkou, and Jinzhou. A standardized pre-processing procedure for marine fish samples was established. PFCs were detected using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The pollution levels of PFCs in the commercial fish were assessed, and the bioaccumulation risk analysis was conducted. Results The main PFCs pollutants in economic fish species in sea were perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS). PFOA was detected in all fish samples, with maximum and minimum concentrations of 30.30 ng/g ww and 4.02 ng/g ww, respectively. PFOS was detected in 100% of fish viscera samples but was not found in muscle tissues. Among the tested species, Sebastodes fuscescens, Hexagrammos otakii, and Larimichthys polyactis were more prone to accumulating PFOS and PFOA, indicating potential bioaccumulation effects. Conclusion PFCs contamination is widespread in commercial fish. Continuous monitoring of PFCs shall be implemented, and control measures shall be taken in areas with severe PFOS and PFOA pollution. Ongoing monitoring and risk analysis of these pollutants are essential.