山东地区不同品种樱桃营养品质评价

Evaluation of nutritional quality of different varieties of Prunus avium in Shandong Province

中文关键词:  樱桃  颜色  品质评价  主成分分析  聚类分析

英文关键词:Prunus avium  variety  quality evaluation  principal component analysis  cluster analysis

中文摘要:

      目的 研究不同品种樱桃的营养品质差异。方法 以采自山东烟台地区的12个品种的樱桃为研究对象, 通过测定樱桃横径、色差等外观指标以及可溶性固形物、有机酸、维生素C、酚酸、黄酮、花青素等风味、营养指标, 分析不同品种樱桃品质差异。首先利用单因素方差分析, 明确不同品种间各指标含量差异; 其次结合相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析筛选樱桃核心品质指标。结果 在被测樱桃样品中发现可溶性固形物均在15%以上, 可滴定酸含量在0.5 g/100 g以上, 紫红色肉质樱桃花青素含量丰富, 将测定26个品质指标进行简化, 最终确定4个核心指标分别为绿原酸、维生素C、矢车菊素-3-O-芸香糖苷、原花青素B2, 基于筛选的核心指标可以将樱桃按颜色完全分开, 说明核心指标具有可行性。最后利用主成分分析对樱桃品质进行综合评价, 根据综合得分可知紫红色肉质俄八品种品质最佳, 被测品质指标结果显示其矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、芦丁含量最高。结论 不同品种樱桃的营养品质指标存在显著差异。本文可为构建樱桃品质指标数据库提供数据支撑, 对规范樱桃品质评价体系, 推动樱桃产业高质量发展具有重大意义。

英文摘要:

      Objective To study the difference of nutritional quality of different varieties of Prunus avium . Methods Taking 12 varieties of Prunus avium from Yantai of Shandong Province as the research object, the quality differences of different varieties of Prunus avium were analyzed by measuring the appearance indexes such as cross diameter and color difference, as well as the flavor and nutritional indexes such as soluble solids, organic acids, vitamin C, phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. The one-way analysis of variance was used to clarify the differences in the content of each indicator among different varieties. The core quality indicators of Prunus avium were screened by correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Results The soluble solids were found to be more than 15%, the titratable acid content was more than 0.5 g/100 g, and the purple-red fleshy cherry was rich in anthocyanins, and the determination of 26 quality indicators was simplified, 4 core indicators were determined to be chlorogenic acid, vitamin C, cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, proanthocyanidins B2. Based on the core indicators, Prunus avium could be completely separated by color, indicating that the core indicators were feasible. Finally, principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Prunus avium. According to the comprehensive score, it was found that the purple-red fleshy Russian cultivar had the best quality. The results of the measured quality index showed that it had the highest content of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and rutin. Conclusion There are significant differences in the nutritional quality indexes of different varieties of Prunus avium. This paper provides data support for the construction of cherry quality indicator database, which is of great significance for standardizing the cherry quality evaluation system and promoting the high-quality development of the Prunus avium industry.