甲基-β-环糊精高效脱除鱼油中胆固醇

Efficient removal of cholesterol from fish oil by methyl-β-cyclodextrin

中文关键词:  鱼油  品质  甲基-β-环糊精  胆固醇脱除率  鱼油回收率

英文关键词:fish oil  quality  methyl-β-cyclodextrin  cholesterol removal rate  fish oil recovery rate

中文摘要:

      目的 研究甲基-β-环糊精(methyl-β-cyclodextrin, M-β-CD)脱除鱼油中胆固醇的效果。方法 以胆固醇脱除率和鱼油回收率为关键指标, 从β-环糊精(β-cyclodextrin, β-CD)及其衍生物中筛选适用于鱼油中脱除胆固醇的材料, 通过正交实验确定胆固醇脱除的最佳工艺条件, 并比较了胆固醇脱除前后鱼油的品质。结果 M-β-CD为脱除鱼油中胆固醇的最佳材料; 最优工艺条件为M-β-CD添加量30%, 温度50 ℃, 时间15 min, 此条件下的胆固醇脱除率为51.34%, 鱼油回收率为84.84%。在最优工艺条件下脱除胆固醇, 鱼油的酸价、过氧化值、茴香胺值显著下降(P<0.05), 碘值未显著改变(P>0.05), 二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid, DHA)含量显著上升(P<0.05), 饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acids, SFA)占比为31.33%, 单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acids, MUFA)占比为16.81%, 多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA)占比为51.86%, 均无显著变化(P>0.05)。结论 采用M-β-CD处理鱼油, 不仅可以高效脱除胆固醇, 而且可以一定程度提升鱼油的品质, 是一种有应用前景的鱼油中胆固醇脱除方法。

英文摘要:

      Objective To study the effects of methyl-β-cyclodextrin (M-β-CD) on removing cholesterol from fish oil. Methods Cholesterol removal rate and fish oil recovery rate were used as key indicators to screen suitable materials for removing cholesterol from fish oil from β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its derivatives. The optimal cholesterol removal process conditions were determined through orthogonal experiments, and the quality of fish oil before and after cholesterol removal was compared. Results M-β-CD was the best material for removing cholesterol from fish oil. The optimal process conditions of M-β-CD removal of cholesterol in fish oil were as follows: M-β-CD dosage of 30%, temperature of 50 ℃, time of 15 min. The cholesterol removal rate was 51.34%, and the fish oil recovery rate was 84.84% under these conditions. When cholesterol was removed under the optimal process conditions, the acid value, peroxide value, and anisidine value of fish oil significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the iodine value did not change significantly (P>0.05). The content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) significantly increased (P<0.05), the proportions of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were 31.33%, 16.81%, and 51.86% of the total lipid content, respectively, with no significant changes observed among them (P>0.05). Conclusion The treatment of fish oil with M-β-CD not only efficiently removes cholesterol but also enhances the quality, making it a promising method for cholesterol removal from fish oil.