不同来源商业食用盐的微塑料污染情况调查研究

Investigative research on microplastic contamination of commercial edible salt from different sources

中文关键词:  微塑料  商业食用盐  特征分析  食品安全

英文关键词:microplastics  commercial table salt  characterization  food security

中文摘要:

      目的 了解市售的3种(岩盐、湖盐、海盐)商业食用盐中微塑料的丰度、形状、尺寸、颜色和聚合物种类等赋存特征。方法 针对市售8个品牌商业食用盐分离的微塑料, 采用体视显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪进行物理表征和化学表征, 检测微塑料的污染情况。结果 所有检测的商用食用盐样品均被微塑料污染。其中, 岩盐中微塑料丰度为46.7~276.7颗粒/kg, 海盐中微塑料丰度为98.3~170.0颗粒/kg, 湖盐中微塑料丰度为66.7~210.0颗粒/kg。微塑料形态主要以纤维形式存在, 颜色以黑色为主, 尺寸范围在1000~5000 μm之间, 聚合物类型以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、玻璃纸和聚酯纤维为主。结论 中国的市售食用盐已受到微塑料的污染, 对人类的健康具有潜在的负面风险, 需要采取相关措施, 监控食品中的微塑料含量。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate occurrence characteristics of the abundance, shape, size, color and polymer types of microplastics in 3 kinds of commercial edible salt (rock salt, lake salt and sea salt). Methods The microplastics separated from 8 commercial edible salt brands available on the market were physically and chemically characterized using stereomicroscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer to detect the degree of microplastic pollution. Results All commercial edible salt samples were contaminated with microplastics. The abundance of microplastics in rock salt ranged from 46.7 to 276.7 particles/kg, in sea salt from 98.3 to 170.0 particles/kg, and in lake salt from 66.7 to 210.0 particles/kg. The microplastic morphology was mainly in the form of fibers, with the color of black, and the size range of the microplastics ranged from 1000 to 5000 μm, and the types of polymers were mainly polyethylene-terephthalate, cellophane and polyester. Conclusion Commercially available edible salt in China has been contaminated with microplastics, posing a potential negative risk to human health, and measures need to be taken to monitor microplastic levels in food products.