分子印迹技术在食品安全检测领域的应用研究进展

Research progress on the application of molecular imprinting technology in the field of food safety detection

中文关键词:  分子印迹技术  分子印迹聚合物  安全检测

英文关键词:Molecular imprinting technology  Molecularly imprinted polymer  Security testing

中文摘要:

      食品中有害化合物日益严格的检测限量、复杂多样的检测场景，对检测技术提出了更高的要求。目前食品安全检测技术仍存在检测成本高、周期长、样本前处理复杂等问题。分子印迹聚合物作为一种仿生识别材料，与传统生物抗体相比，具有成本低、制备周期短、稳定性高（可简化前处理）的优点，在食品安全检测领域应用广泛。本文首先介绍了分子印迹技术的原理、优劣及劣势，总结了分子印迹聚合物的本体聚合法、原位聚合法、悬浮聚合法、溶胶-凝胶聚合法以及沉淀聚合法等制备技术，之后列举了其在检测食品中农兽药残留、非法添加剂、微生物及其毒素等方面的应用，最后展望了分子印迹技术在食品安全检测领域的发展趋势，以期为分子印迹技术在分析检测领域的深入发展与应用提供研究思路和理论依据。

英文摘要:

      The increasingly stringent detection limits and complex and diverse detection scenarios of harmful compounds in food have put forward higher requirements for detection technology. At present, food safety detection technology still has problems such as high detection cost, long cycle, and complex sample pretreatment. As a biomimetic recognition material, molecularly imprinted polymers have the advantages of low cost, short preparation cycle, and high stability (which can simplify pretreatment) compared to traditional biological antibodies, and are widely used in the field of food safety detection. This review first introduces the principle, advantages and disadvantages of molecular imprinting technology, and summarizes the preparation technologies of molecularly imprinted polymers, such as bulk polymerization, in situ polymerization, suspension polymerization, sol-gel polymerization, and precipitation polymerization. Then, the application of molecular imprinting technology in the detection of pesticide and veterinary drug residues, illegal additives, microorganisms and their toxins in food is listed. Finally, the development trend of molecular imprinting technology in the field of food safety detection is prospected. This review aims to provide research ideas and theoretical basis for the in-depth development and application of molecular imprinting technology in the field of analysis and detection.