海藻中碘的食用安全性研究进展

Research progress on the food safety of iodine in seaweeds

中文关键词:  碘  海藻  食用安全性  碘形态

英文关键词:iodine  seaweed  food safety  iodine speciation

中文摘要:

      碘是人类合成甲状腺激素的必需元素, 在预防和治疗地方性缺碘症和遗传性甲状腺功能障碍等引发的疾病等方面发挥了重要的作用, 但碘摄入过多或过少均会对人体健康产生不利影响。海藻作为碘含量丰富的优质食物来源, 是理想的天然补碘剂。由于甲状腺疾病的发病率逐年上升, 导致人们对海带等碘含量较高的海藻类产品产生了一定的排斥心理。大量研究发现, 尽管海藻中碘含量较高, 但并无直接数据表明过量食用海藻会对身体产生不良影响。为此, 本文综述了海藻来源碘的形态分布、不同形态碘的安全性评价、加工前后碘形态变化, 以及食用海藻中碘的生物利用度等方面的研究进展, 以期为评价海藻中碘的食用安全性提供思路, 为保障海藻产业的健康发展提供科学论据。

英文摘要:

      Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones in humans, it plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases caused by endemic iodine deficiency disorders and hereditary thyroid dysfunction, eta.. Excessive or deficient iodine intake both have negative effects on human health. Seaweed, as a quality food source rich in iodine, is an ideal natural iodine supplement. With the increasing incidence of thyroid disease, it has led to a rejection of seaweed products with high iodine content, such as Laminaria japonica. A large number of studies show that there is no direct data to suggest that excessive consumption of seaweeds can have adverse effects our body despite the high iodine conten. Therefore, the paper summarized the research progress on morphological distribution of iodine from seaweed, safety evaluation of different forms of iodine, changes of speciation before and after processing, as well as bioavailability of iodine in edible seaweeds. This study provides ideas for evaluating the edible safety of iodine in seaweeds, and also provides scientific evidence for the healthy development of seaweed industry.