2020—2023年海南省稻谷中镉和无机砷污染状况评价

Evaluation of cadmium and inorganic arsenic pollution in rice in Hainan Province from 2020 to 2023

中文关键词:  海南稻谷  镉  无机砷  调查分析

英文关键词:Hainan rice  cadmium  inorganic arsenic  pollution assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 调查分析海南省大部分市县稻谷镉和无机砷含量, 评估其污染状况。方法 采集2020—2023年海南省14个市县总共351份稻谷样品, 将稻谷脱壳制成糙米粉, 采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法、液相色谱-原子荧光光谱法(liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectroscopy, LC-AFS)分别测量镉、无机砷的含量, 采用单因子污染指数和内罗梅综合指数对稻谷中镉、无机砷污染程度进行评价。结果 2020—2023年海南省稻谷中镉的检出值均没有超出国家限值, 但是在此期间呈现出逐年升高的趋势, 镉的平均值由0.046 mg/kg升高至0.092 mg/kg; 2020—2023年稻谷样品中无机砷的超标率分别为4.4%、5.2%、4.0%、5.6%, 平均值范围为0.15~0.19 mg/kg。稻谷的镉单因子污染指数P98.3等于0.7, 处于优良水平, 综合污染指数小于0.7, 污染程度处于安全水平。结论 整体来看海南区内稻谷镉和无机砷污染状况保持在一个合理范围内, 但单项无机砷已经出现个别污染的情况, 需保持持续关注。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate and analyze the content of cadmium and inorganic arsenic in most cities and counties in Hainan Province, and evaluate their pollution. Methods A total of 351 rice samples were collected from 14 cities and counties in Hainan Province from 2020 to 2023, and brown rice flour was made from shelling rice. The content of cadmium and inorganic arsenic was measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (LC-AFS) respectively, the pollution degree of cadmium and inorganic arsenic in rice was evaluated by single factor pollution index and comprehensive index of Nemerow. Results From 2020 to 2023, the detected value of cadmium in rice in Hainan Province did not exceed the national limit, but showed an increasing trend during this period. The average value of cadmium rose from 0.046 mg/kg to 0.092 mg/kg; the excess rate of inorganic arsenic in rice samples from 2020 to 2023 was 4.4%, 5.2%, 4.0% and 5.6% respectively, and the average range was 0.15–0.19 mg/kg. The cadmium single-factor pollution index of rice was less than 0.7, which was at an excellent level, the comprehensive pollution index was less than 0.7, and the degree of pollution was at a safe level. Conclusion On the whole, the cadmium and inorganic arsenic pollution of rice in Hainan should be kept within a reasonable range, but individual inorganic arsenic pollution has occurred, which needs continuous attention.